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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">105563</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco105563</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Features of immunological reactivity in Sami women</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности иммунологической реактивности у женщин-саамов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9835-8083</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">5534446910</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">Q-5144-2017</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6469-0408</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Samodova</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самодова</surname><given-names>Анна Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), leader research associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>annapoletaeva2008@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3211-7716</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">6603579532</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">J-3753-2018</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4518-6925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobrodeeva</surname><given-names>Liliya K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добродеева</surname><given-names>Лилия Константиновна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, chief research associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>dobrodeevalk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4828-6485</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57191543951</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">Q-4942-2017</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3475-3251</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balashova</surname><given-names>Svetlana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балашова</surname><given-names>Светлана Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), senior research associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>ifpa-svetlana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6774-4598</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57261870200</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAM-3348-2020</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2201-0289</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashinskaya</surname><given-names>Ksenia O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашинская</surname><given-names>Ксения Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>junior research associate</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>nefksu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр комплексного изучения Арктики имени академика Н.П. Лаверова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-10-07" publication-format="electronic"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-10-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>9</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>673</fpage><lpage>683</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-03-29"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-09-27"><day>27</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/105563">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/105563</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>BACKGROUND:</italic></bold> The Sami are a small group of indigenous people of the Russian Federation. The Sami have one of the lowest birth rates among all the peoples of the North of Russia. They often have more health problems than residents of other nationalities in the Murmansk region, due to a high incidence of acute respiratory infections. Extreme climatic and geographical conditions of the Arctic have a negative impact on immunological reactivity.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM:</italic></bold> To identify the features of immunological reactivity in Sami women.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</italic></bold> Forty-nine practically healthy Sami women aged from 21 to 44 years living in the Lovozero Village in the Murmansk region were examined. A control group consisting of 50 practically healthy Russian women of the Arkhangelsk region of the same age range was used. The hemogram, phagocytic activity of neutrophils of peripheral venous blood, and the content of lymphocytes with CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD10 phenotypes were studied by indirect immunoperoxidase reaction (Sorbent, Moscow) and flow cytometry (Beckman Coulter Immunotech, France). Additionally, concentrations of IgM, IgG, IgA, sCD54, and sCD62L (Bender MedSystems, Austria) were determined by enzyme immunoassay, circulating immune complexes (CIC) were determined by the precipitation method. The total amount of microflora, cytogram, phagocytic activity of neutrophils, the sorption capacity of epithelial cells, the content of sIgA and CIC IgG were studied in the separated mucous membranes of the pharynx, intestines, and urine. For comparison between groups, the independent samples t-test or the nonparametric Mann–Whitney U-test was used depending on the distribution.</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS: </italic></bold>In Sami women, the frequency of deficiency of phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils and mucosal secretions was higher than in the control group. Increased reactions of cell-mediated and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity of lymphocytes were recorded. The frequency of elevated concentrations of CIC was higher in the Sami women than in the control group. A remarkable feature of the Sami immune reactivity was high concentrations of IgA and IgM against a background of low IgG content.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION:</italic></bold> In Sami women, the percentage of actively phagocytic neutrophil granulocytes of peripheral venous blood and mucous membranes was lower than in the control. A distinctive feature of the immunoglobulin profile of the blood serum of Sami women was the low IgG content against the background of increased concentrations of CIC, including immunoglobulins of this class. Sami women had higher levels of leukocyte migration into mucosa-associated mucosal tissue, which was correlated with a decrease in the sorption capacity of epitheliocytes, phagocytic activity of neutrophils, and concentrations of secretory immunoglobulins.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Саамы представляют коренной малочисленный народ Российской Федерации. Уровень рождаемости у саамов — один из самых низких из всех народов Севера России. Проблемы со здоровьем у них встречаются чаще, чем у жителей Мурманской области других национальностей, за счёт более высокого уровня заболеваемости ОРЗ и ОРВИ. Экстремальные климатогеографические условия Арктики оказывают отрицательное воздействие на иммунологическую реактивность.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Выявить особенности иммунологической реактивности у женщин-саамов.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Обследовано 49 практически здоровых женщин-саамов в возрасте от 21 до 44 лет, проживающих в с. Ловозеро Мурманской области. Группу сравнения составили 50 практически здоровых русских женщин такого же возрастного диапазона, проживающих в Архангельской области. Изучены гемограмма, фагоцитарная активность нейтрофилов периферической венозной крови, содержание лимфоцитов с фенотипами CD3, CD4, CD8, CD10 методами непрямой иммунопероксидазной реакции («Сорбент», г. Москва) и проточной цитометрии (Beckman Coulter Immunotech, Франция); концентрации IgM, IgG, IgA, sCD54, sCD62L изучали (Bender MedSystems GmbH, Австрия) с помощью иммуноферментного анализа; циркулирующие иммунные комплексы (ЦИК) — методом преципитации. В отделяемом слизистых оболочек зева, кишечника и в моче изучены общее количество микрофлоры, цитограмма, фагоцитарная активность нейтрофилов, сорбционная способность эпителиоцитов, содержание sIgA и ЦИК IgG. Результаты представлены в качестве средней арифметической величины и ошибки средней (M±m). Для сравнения групп использовали независимый выборочный t-критерий или непараметрический U-критерий Манна–Уитни в зависимости от распределения.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> У женщин-саамов чаще выявляется дефицит фагоцитарной активности нейтрофилов крови и в секретах слизистых оболочек, более часто формируются повышенные реакции клеточно-опосредованной и антителозависимой цитотоксичности лимфоцитов, чаще регистрируются повышенные концентрации ЦИК. Особенностью иммунной реактивности саамов являются более высокие концентрации IgA и IgM на фоне низкого содержания IgG.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>У женщин-саамов отмечен более низкий по сравнению с русскими женщинами процент активно фагоцитирующих нейтрофильных гранулоцитов периферической венозной крови и слизистых оболочек. Отличительной особенностью иммуноглобулинового профиля сыворотки крови женщин-саамов является низкое содержание IgG на фоне повышенных концентраций ЦИК, в составе которых — иммуноглобулины данного класса. Установлены более высокие уровни миграции лейкоцитов в мукозо-ассоциированную ткань слизистых оболочек у женщин-саамов, что взаимосвязано со снижением сорбционной способности эпителиоцитов, фагоцитарной активности нейтрофилов и концентраций секреторных иммуноглобулинов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>deficiency of active phagocytes</kwd><kwd>sorption capacity of epithelial cells</kwd><kwd>immunoglobulins</kwd><kwd>circulating immune complexes</kwd><kwd>Sami</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дефицит активных фагоцитов</kwd><kwd>сорбционная способность эпителиоцитов</kwd><kwd>иммуноглобулины</kwd><kwd>циркулирующие иммунные комплексы</kwd><kwd>саамы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физиологии природных адаптаций Федерального исследовательского центра комплексного изучения Арктики имени академика Н.П. 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