Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)Экология человека1728-08692949-1444Eco-Vector10870810.17816/humeco108708ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLESОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯUnknownRelationship of bioelemental status and changes in the functional state of the lungs in EMERCOM firefighters of RussiaВзаимосвязь биоэлементного статуса и изменения функционального состояния лёгких у пожарных МЧС Россииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2836-68916649-9224VlasenkoMarija A.ВласенкоМария Александровна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), senior research associate

к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник

vlasenkomaria@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3969-95013663-4650SannikovMaksim V.СанниковМаксим Валерьевич
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), leader research associate

к.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник

smakv@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9709-82993229-4912YakovlevaMarija V.ЯковлеваМария Владимировна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), leader research associate

к.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник

iakorobok@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6998-16691256-5967AleksaninSergej S.АлексанинСергей Сергеевич
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor, associate member of the Russian Academy of Sciences

д.м.н., профессор, член-корреспондент РАН

medicine@nrcerm.ruNikiforov’s All-Russian Center for Emergency and Radiation Medicine (the Nikiforov’s NRCERM)Всероссийский центр экстренной и радиационной медицины имени А.М. Никифорова190120230403202330155641306202213122022Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор2023Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/108708

BACKGROUND: Firefighters are characterized by constant interaction with smoke and various combustion products, which, entering the body can, affect the state of the respiratory system.

AIM: To study the relationship of the bioelemental status with alterations in the functional state of the lungs in firefighters of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia.

METHODS: The work analyzed the data of 97 people from the territorial fire departments of the city of Saint Petersburg, directly involved in firefighting. The firefighters underwent a comprehensive medical examination, including an assessment of the bioelemental status in hair samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

RESULTS: As a result of the study, an increase in the content of toxic trace elements in firefighters was revealed in comparison with persons who did not participate in extinguishing the fire. Against the background of an increase in toxic trace elements, there was a decrease in vital ones. The relationship between the concentration of toxic trace elements and the state of the bronchopulmonary system in firefighters was revealed. The interrelation of the concentration of aluminum, silver and cadmium with a decrease in the diffusion capacity of the lungs, broncho obstructive changes and pulmonary fibrosis is shown. A significant increase in the content of silver was found in firefighters with broncho-obstructive changes compared to those with normal bronchial conduction.

CONCLUSION: The study illustrated the relationship between the levels of silver, aluminum, and cadmium and development of functional changes in the lungs..

Обоснование. Для пожарных характерно постоянное взаимодействие с дымом и различными продуктами горения, которые, попадая в организм, способны влиять на состояние органов дыхания.

Цель. Изучить взаимосвязь биоэлементного статуса с изменениями функционального состояния лёгких у пожарных МЧС России.

Методы. Проанализированы данные 97 человек из территориальных пожарных частей г. Санкт-Петербурга, непосредственно участвующих в пожаротушении. Проведено комплексное медицинское обследование, включая оценку биоэлементного статуса в пробах волос методом масс-спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой.

Результаты. Выявлено повышение концентрации токсичных микроэлементов у пожарных по сравнению с лицами, не участвующими в пожаротушении. На фоне этого повышения происходило снижение концентрации жизненно необходимых элементов. Выявлена взаимосвязь между концентрацией токсичных микроэлементов и состоянием бронхолёгочной системы у пожарных. Показана связь концентрации алюминия, серебра и кадмия со снижением диффузионной способности лёгких, бронхообструктивными изменениями и фиброзом лёгких. Отмечено статистически значимое увеличение содержания серебра у пожарных с бронхообструктивными изменениями по сравнению с лицами, имеющими нормальные показатели бронхиальной проводимости.

Заключение. Проведённое исследование показало взаимосвязь накопления серебра, алюминия и кадмия с развитием изменений в функциональном состоянии лёгких.

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