Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)Экология человека1728-08692949-1444Eco-Vector1685110.33396/1728-0869-2016-12-30-36ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleDETERMINANTS OF SMOKING AND DESIRE TO QUIT IN ALMATY, KAZAKHSTANДетерминанты табакокурения и желания бросить курить среди населения г. Алматы, КазахстанTurdaliyevaB SТурдалиеваБ СBaisugurovaV YБайсугуроваВ ЮKashafutdinovaG TКашафутдиноваГ ТAimbetovaG EАимбетоваГ ЕMeirmanovaZh MМеирмановаЖ МTalkimbayevaN AТалкимбаеваН АAitmanbetovaA AАйтманбетоваА АKozhekenovaZh AКожекеноваЖ АShakhiyevaA MШахиеваА МUvazhanovaA SУважановаА СYermukhanovaL SЕрмухановаЛ СKudabaevaH IКудабаеваХ ИGrjibovskiA MГржибовскийАндрей Мечиславович

доктор медицины, старший советник; заведующий ЦНИЛ; профессор; профессор, почетный доктор; почетный профессор Государственного медицинского университета г. Семей

Andrej.Grjibovski@gmail.comKazakh National Medical UniversityКазахский национальный медицинский университетWest Kazakhstan State Medical UniversityЗападно-казахстанский государственный медицинский университетNorwegian Institute of Public HealthНациональный институт общественного здравоохраненияNorthern State Medical UniversityСеверный государственный медицинский университетNorth-Eastern Federal UniversityСеверо-Восточный федеральный университетInternational Kazakh-Turkish UniversityМеждународный казахско-турецкий университет им. Х.А. Ясави151220162312NO12 (2016)№12 (2016)303623102019Copyright ©; 2019, Human EcologyCopyright ©; 2019, Экология человека2019Human EcologyЭкология человекаhttps://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/16851

We studied the prevalence and determinants of smoking and desire to stop smoking in a cross-sectional study among 1174 randomly selected adults aged 45+ years in Almaty, Kazakhstan. Associations between smoking and its correlates were studied by multivariable Poisson regression. Prevalence ratios (PR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Among current smokers we also studied factors associated with their desire to quit. Altogether, 40.7 % of men were current smokers and 63.1 % of them desired to stop smoking. The corresponding numbers for women were 10.0 % and 72.1 %. Male gender (PR = 4.14; 95 % CI: 3.18-5.40), Russian ethnicity (PR = 1.56; 95 % CI: 1.23-1.97), secondary or less education (PR = 1.37; 95 % CI: 1.09-1.73) and having satisfactory or worse psychological family climate (PR = 1.84; 95 % CI: 1.26-2.67) were positively associated with smoking. Men who reported poor (PR = 1.24; 95 % CI: 1.11-1.38) or satisfactory (PR = 1.17; 95 % CI: 1.08-1.27) health, had very good psychological family climate (PR = 1.20; 95 % CI: 1.03-1.41), and smoked 10-19 cigarettes a day (PR = 1.29; 95 % CI: 1.17-1.41) were more likely to report a desire to quit smoking. Number of daily smoked cigarettes, self-rated health, and psychological family climate were associated with the desire to quit.

В ходе поперечного выборочного исследования изучена распространенность курения, его связь с социально-демографическими факторами риска, а также факторы, связанные c желанием бросить курить в г. Алматы, Казахстан. В выборку вошли 1 174 случайно отобранных человека в возрасте 45 лет и старше. Независимые связи между переменными изучали с помощью многомерной регрессии Пуассона и рассчитывали отношения распространенностей (ОР) с 95 % доверительными интервалами (ДИ). Для курильщиков оценивали факторы, связанные с желанием бросить курить. Отметили, что курят постоянно 40,7 % мужчин и 10,0 % женщин. Среди них 63,1 % мужчин и 72,1 % женщин заявили, что желают бросить курить. Мужской пол (ОР = 4.14; 95 % ДИ: 3.18-5.40), принадлежность к русской этнической группе (ОР = 1.56; 95 % ДИ: 1.23-1.97), среднее и ниже образование (ОР = 1.37; 95 % ДИ: 1.09-1.73), а также удовлетворительный или хуже психологический климат в семье (ОР = 1.84; 95 % ДИ: 1.26-2.67) являлись независимыми предикторами курения. Мужчины из тех, кто оценивал свое здоровье как плохое (ОР = 1.24; 95 % ДИ: 1.11-1.38) или удовлетворительное (ОР = 1.17; 95 % ДИ: 1.08-1.27), отмечал как минимум хороший психологический климат в семье (ОР = 1.20; 95 % ДИ: 1.03-1.41) и выкуривал в день 10-19 сигарет (ОР = 1.29; 95 % ДИ: 1.17-1.41), чаще отмечали желание отказаться от курения по сравнению с референтными группами.

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