<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">46264</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33396/1728-0869-2020-9-49-56</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Associaitons between blood pressure and mortality among middle-aged and elderly men and women: a cohort study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние артериального давления на смертность мужчин и женщин среднего и пожилого возраста: когортное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>Асия Эмверовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела эпидемиологии хронических инфекционных заболеваний</p></bio><email>AImaeva@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balanova</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баланова</surname><given-names>Юлия Андреевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустина</surname><given-names>Анна Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalnova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шальнова</surname><given-names>Светлана Анатольевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkolnikov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Школьников</surname><given-names>Владимир Михайлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research University Higher School of Economics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт Демографических Исследований Макса Планка</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>9</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO9 (2020)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№9 (2020)</issue-title><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-09-29"><day>29</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Imaeva A.E., Balanova Y.A., Kapustina A.V., Shalnova S.A., Shkolnikov V.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Имаева А.Э., Баланова Ю.А., Капустина А.В., Шальнова С.А., Школьников В.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Imaeva A.E., Balanova Y.A., Kapustina A.V., Shalnova S.A., Shkolnikov V.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Имаева А.Э., Баланова Ю.А., Капустина А.В., Шальнова С.А., Школьников В.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/46264">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/46264</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim is to study associations between blood pressure/arterial hypertension (AH) and all-cause and cardiovascular (CVD) mortality among middle-aged and elderly Russian men and women. Methods: This study is a part of the cohort study, conducted in Moscow. Altogether, 898 males and 978 females aged 55 years and older comprised the sample. AH was determined with systolic blood pressure level (SBP) &gt; 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) &gt; 90 mmHg, or on condition of antihypertensive treatment (AHT). Obesity, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia and a prior stroke were assessed as risk-factors. During the follow-up period (8,05 years) 547 deaths were identified, including 330 CVD. Results: No significant gender differences in the prevalence of arterial hypertension were detected. About 80 % of females and 65 % of males took AHT. Among them, effective treatment was registered in 42 % of females and 32 % of males. Elevated blood pressure was associated with increased all-cause and CVD mortality risk only among women (HR = 1.63; 95 % CI: 1.21-2.19, HR = 1.81; 95 % CI: 1.23-2.67, respectively). No associations were found between mortality and AH and AHT. The ineffective treatment of arterial hypertension increased all-cause and CVD mortality by 1.9 and 2.5 times, respectively, but only among females. SBP &gt; 160 mmHg and/or DBP &gt; 100 mmHg was associated with 2.6 times (p = 0.020) greater risk of all-cause mortality. No associations were observed among the males. Conclusions: Elevated blood pressure, especially among those taking AHT, significantly increased the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality, but only among women. The results of the study warrant better blood pressure control in females aged 55 years and older with mandatory prescription of AHT.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель - оценка ассоциации артериального давления (АД) и артериальной гипертонии (АГ) со смертностью от всех причин и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) среди мужчин и женщин среднего и пожилого возраста. Методы. В рамках проспективного когортного исследования, проведенного в г. Москве, обследованы 898 мужчин и 978 женщин в возрасте 55 лет и старше. АГ диагностировалась при наличии систолического АД (САД) &gt; 140 мм рт. ст. и/или диастолического (ДАД) &gt; 90 мм рт. ст. или при условии приема антигипертензивных препаратов (АГП). Оценивались такие факторы риска, как ожирение, курение, гиперхолестеринемия и гипергликемия, а также инсульт в анамнезе. В течение 8 лет наблюдения зарегистрировано 547 смертей, в том числе 330 от ССЗ. Результаты. Статистически значимых гендерных различий в распространенности АГ не выявлено. Около 80 % женщин и 65 % мужчин принимали АГП, среди них эффективное лечение АГ отмечено у 42 % женщин и 32 % мужчин. Среди женщин повышенное АД увеличивало риск смерти от всех причин и ССЗ (ОР = 1.63; 95 % ДИ: 1.21-2.19, ОР = 1.81; 95 % ДИ: 1.23-2.67 соответственно). Ассоциаций диагноза АГ и приема АГП со смертностью не найдено. Неэффективное лечение АГ повышало риск смерти от всех причин и от ССЗ в 1,9 и 2,5 раза соответственно среди женщин. Причем только САД &gt; 160 мм рт. ст. и/или ДАД &gt; 100 мм рт. ст. статистически значимо увеличивали риск смерти от всех причин в 2,6 раза (р = 0.02). В отношении мужчин подобных ассоциаций со смертностью не обнаружено. Выводы. Повышенный уровень АД, особенно на фоне АГП, статистически значимо повышает риск смерти от всех причин и ССЗ, но только в женской когорте, что свидетельствует о необходимости более тщательного контроля АД у женщин в возрасте 55 лет и старше на фоне обязательного назначения АГП.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>blood pressure</kwd><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>middle-age</kwd><kwd>elderly</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериальное давление</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертония</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>население среднего и пожилого возраста</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Бойцов С. А., Баланова Ю. А., Шальнова С. А., Деев А. Д., и др. Артериальная гипертония среди лиц 25-64 лет: распространенность, осведомленность, лечение и контроль. По материалам исследования ЭССЕ // Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2014. Т. 13 (4). С. 4-14.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Здравоохранение в России. 2019: Стат. сб. / Росстат. М., 2019.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Капустина А. В., Деев А. Д., Худяков М. Б., Шальнова С. А. Характеристика здоровья лиц в возрасте 55 лет и старше, отказавшихся от обследования. Опыт когортного эпидемиологического исследования // Профилактическая медицина. 2015. 18, № 6. С. 40-46.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Arnett D. K., Blumenthal R. S., Albert M. A., Buroker A. B., et al. 2019 ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2019, 74 (10), pp. e177-e232.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Banach M., Bromfield S., Howard G., Howard V J., et al. Association of systolic blood pressure levels with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality among older adults taking antihypertensive medication. International journal of cardiology. 2014, 176 (1), pp. 219-226.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Benjamin E. J., Virani S. S., Callaway C. W., Chamberlain A. M., et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics -2018 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2018, 137, pp. e67-e492.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Bramlage P., Hasford J. Blood pressure reduction, persistence and costs in the evaluation of antihypertensive drug treatment, a review. Cardiovascular diabetology. 2009, 8 (1), p. 18.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Bushnik T., Hennessy D. A., McAlister F. A., Manuel D. G. Factors associated with hypertension control among older Canadians. Health Rep. 2018, 29 (6), pp. 3-10.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Ennezat P V, Maréchaux S., Pinçon C., Finzi J., et al. Anaemia to predict outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Archives of cardiovascular diseases. 2013, 106 (6-7), pp. 357-365.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Ford E. S., Li C., Zhao G., Tsai J. Trends in obesity and abdominal obesity among adults in the United States from 1999-2008. International journal of obesity. 2011, 35 (5), pp. 736-743.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Gakidou E., Afshin A., Abajobir A. A., Abate K. H., et al. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet. 2017, 390 (10100), pp. 1345-1422.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Garcia M., Mulvagh S. L., Bairey Merz C. N., Buring J. E., Manson J. E. Cardiovascular disease in women: clinical perspectives. Circulation research. 2016, 118 (8), pp. 1273-1293.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Johnson C. O., Nguyen M., Roth G. A., Nichols E., et al. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet Neurology. 2019, 18 (5), pp. 439-458.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Kagiyama S., Fukuhara M., Ansai T., Matsumura K., et al. Association between blood pressure and mortality in 80-year-old subjects from a population-based prospective study in Japan. Hypertension Research. 2008, 31 (2), pp. 265-270.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Lima R., Wofford M., Reckelhoff J. F. Hypertension in postmenopausal women. Current hypertension reports. 2012, 14 (3), pp. 254-260.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Liu X., Rodriguez C. J., Wang K. Prevalence and trends of isolated systolic hypertension among untreated adults in the United States. Journal of the American Society of Hypertension. 2015, 9 (3), pp. 197-205.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Medeiros P, Nga H. S., Menezes P, Bridi R., et al. Acute kidney injury in septic patients admitted to emergency clinical room: risk factors and outcome. Clinical and experimental nephrology. 2015, 19 (5), pp. 859-866.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Mills K. T., Bundy J. D., Kelly T. N., Reed J. E., et al. Global disparities of hypertension prevalence and control: a systematic analysis of population-based studies from 90 countries. Circulation. 2016, 134 (6), pp. 441-450.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>O’rourke M. F., Namasivayam M., Adji A. Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older. Minerva Med. 2009, 100 (1), pp. 25-38.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Prospective Studies Collaboration. Blood cholesterol and vascular mortality by age, sex, and blood pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective studies with 55 000 vascular deaths. The Lancet. 2007, 370 (9602), pp. 1829-1839.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Res H. Principal results of the Japanese trial to assess optimal systolic blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients (JATOS). Hypertens Res. 2008, 31 (12), pp. 2115-2127.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Robitaille C., Dai S., Waters C., Loukine L., et al. Diagnosed hypertension in Canada: incidence, prevalence and associated mortality. CMAJ. 2012, 184 (1), pp. E49-E56.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Routledge F. S., McFetridge-Durdle J. A., Dean C. R. Stress, menopausal status and nocturnal blood pressure dipping patterns among hypertensive women. Canadian Journal of Cardiology. 2009, 25 (6), pp. e157-e163.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Shkolnikova M., Shalnova S., Shkolnikov V. M., Metelskaya V, et al. Biological mechanisms of disease and death in Moscow: rationale and design of the survey on Stress Aging and Health in Russia (SAHR). BMC Public Health. 2009, 9 (1), p. 293.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Sink K. M., Evans G. W, Shorr R. I., Bates J. T., et al. Syncope, hypotension, and falls in the treatment of hypertension: results from the randomized clinical systolic blood pressure intervention trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2018, 66 (4), pp. 679-686.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Taddei S. Blood pressure through aging and menopause. Climacteric. 2009, 12 (suppl. 1), pp. 36-40.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Vidal-Petiot E., Ford I., Greenlaw N., Ferrari R., et al. Cardiovascular event rates and mortality according to achieved systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with stable coronary artery disease: an international cohort study. The Lancet. 2016, 388 (10056), pp. 2142-2152.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Wannamethee S. G., Papacosta O., Lawlor D. A., Whincup P. H., et al. Do women exhibit greater differences in established and novel risk factors between diabetes and non-diabetes than men? The British Regional Heart Study and British Women’s Heart Health Study. Diabetologia. 2012, 55 (1), pp. 80-87.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Williamson J. D., Supiano M. A., Applegate W. B., Berlowitz D. R., et al. Intensive vs standard blood pressure control and cardiovascular disease outcomes in adults aged &gt; 75 years: a randomized clinical trial. Jama. 2016, 315 (24), pp. 2673-2682.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Wright J. D., Hughes J. P, Ostchega Y., Yoon S. S., Nwankwo T. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adults aged 18 and over in the United States, 2001-2008. Natl Health Stat Report. 2011, 35 (1-22), p. 24.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Yi S. W, Hong S., Ohrr H. Low systolic blood pressure and mortality from all-cause and vascular diseases among the rural elderly in Korea; Kangwha cohort study. Medicine. 2015, 94 (2), p. e245.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
