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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">604353</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco604353</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Heat and cold waves on the Crimean Peninsula and their impact on population health</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Волны жары и холода на территории Крымского полуострова и здоровье населения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9660-8971</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57190571600</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">J-4205-2017</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7932-0070</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Danova</surname><given-names>Tatiana E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Geography), associate professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. геогр. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>danova8@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Marine Hydrophysical Institute of RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Морской гидрофизический институт РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-01-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>9</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>681</fpage><lpage>694</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-05"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-24"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/604353">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/604353</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND<italic>:</italic> </bold>Climate change has a significant impact on the population health including morbidity and mortality. The studies presented in this paper present characteristics of heat and cold waves on the Crimean Peninsula.</p> <p><bold>AIM<italic>:</italic></bold> To assess the heat and cold wave characteristics, identify differences in the wave characteristics depending on the coastal and mainland location of climatotherapeutic centers on the Crimean Peninsula.</p> <p><bold>MATERIAL AND METHODS<italic>:</italic></bold> In our research we used standard statistical data treatment methods. Moreover, data visualization techniques allowed identifying zones of maximum temperature values. Heat and cold waves were defined using the 3<sup>rd</sup> and the 97<sup>th</sup> percentiles of the average daily air temperatures. This approach allows considering the intensity and duration of the events under study. Measurements of the surface air temperature included eight observations per day at 19 stations on the Crimean Peninsula for the period from 2006 to 2021. Distribution of the permanently residing population in the Crimea and the city of Sevastopol by age and gender was analyzed using the Rosstat data.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS<italic>:</italic></bold> As many as 43.5% of the population of the Crimean Peninsula have increased risk of exposure to extreme air temperatures. Having applied the threshold values of the 3<sup>rd</sup> and the 97<sup>th</sup> percentiles of the temperature, we identified the periods of heat and cold waves at each station. Even though the Crimean Peninsula has a warm and humid climate, 1 to 4 cold and heat waves have been observed at each station per year. At the same time, the total intensity of cold waves was more than twice the total intensity of heat waves.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION<italic>:</italic> </bold>The presented assessment of heat and cold wave characteristics on the Crimean Peninsula, using 3% and 97% percentiles of the distribution of the average daily air temperature over several years, provides the evidence for developing the measures to reduce the negative impact of extreme temperatures on human health on the Crimean Peninsula.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Климатические изменения оказывают значительное влияние на здоровье населения, уровень заболеваемости и смертности. Представленные исследования посвящены современным характеристикам волн жары и холода на территории Крымского полуострова.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Оценка характеристик волн жары и холода, выявление различий в характеристиках волн, связанных с береговым и материковым расположением центров климатотерапии, на территории Крымского полуострова.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> В ходе исследования использованы стандартные статистические методы обработки. Визуализация полученных результатов позволила выявить зоны максимальных значений. Для определения волн жары и холода использованы среднесуточные температуры воздуха круглогодичного распределения, рассчитанные на основании на 3%-го и 97%-го процентилей. Подобный подход позволяет учитывать интенсивность и продолжительность исследуемых событий.</p> <p>Предметом исследования являются срочные значения приземной температуры воздуха, на основе которых были рассчитаны среднесуточные значения температуры воздуха по 19 станциям Крымского полуострова за период 2006–2021 гг. По данным Росстата проведена оценка по гендерному и возрастному составу постоянно проживающего населения на территории Крыма и г. Севастополя.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Показано, что около половины жителей на территории полуострова (43,5%) относятся к группе повышенного риска здоровью при экстремальных температурах воздуха. Применение порогового значения 3%-го и 97%-го процентилей ко всему году позволило выделить периоды последовательных волн, отмеченных на каждой станции. Несмотря на то, что Крымский полуостров характеризуется тёплым и влажным климатом, ежегодно на станциях Крымского полуострова формируются от 1 до 4 волн холода и жары, при этом суммарная интенсивность волн холода более чем в два раза превышает суммарную интенсивность волн жары.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Представленная современная оценка характеристик волн жары и холода с использованием 3%-го и 97%-го процентилей многолетнего распределения среднесуточной температуры воздуха позволит обосновать ряд мер по уменьшению негативного воздействия экстремальных температур на здоровье населения на территории Крымского полуострова.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heat and cold waves</kwd><kwd>population health</kwd><kwd>Crimean Peninsula</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>волны жары и холода</kwd><kwd>здоровье населения</kwd><kwd>Крымский полуостров</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Морской гидрофизический институт</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Marine Hydrophysical Institute</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>FNNN-2021-0002</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Houghton JT, Ding Y, Griggs DJ, et al., editors. 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