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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">626008</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco626008</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Spatial distribution of parameters of auditory cognitive evoked potentials P300 in young adults with myopia</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности пространственного распределения параметров слуховых когнитивных вызванных потенциалов Р300 у молодых людей с миопией</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4875-0535</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9312-3211</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zelentsov</surname><given-names>R. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зеленцов</surname><given-names>Р. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>zelentsovrn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-0837</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3148-6180</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Poskotinova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поскотинова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>liliya200572@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7194-9465</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2441-2363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhevnikova</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожевникова</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><email>kogevnikovais@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северный государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр комплексного изучения Арктики им. акад. Н.П. Лавёрова Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр комплексного изучения Арктики им. акад. Н.П. Лавёрова Уральского отделения Российской академии наук, Архангельск</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северный (Арктический) федеральный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-04-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>865</fpage><lpage>874</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-01-25"><day>25</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-04-01"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/626008">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/626008</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Myopia typically presents itself between the ages of 18 and 29, affecting both women (35%) and men (59.9%). The prevalence of impaired accommodation and refraction in modern individuals can be attributed to the increased strain on visual sensory systems resulting from the widespread digitalization of various aspects of human life. This increased strain poses a potential risk for alterations in cortical processes related to perception and information processing, increasing the risk of cognitive impairment. <bold>AIMS:</bold><bold> </bold>To study the differences in the characteristics of evoked potentials P300 in 21–23 years old individuals with myopia compared to those without ophthalmic pathology. <bold>MATERIAL AND METHODS:</bold> An ophthalmological examination was conducted on a group of young individuals aged 21–23 years (average age 22.3±0.1 years) residing in the city of Arkhangelsk. The participants were university students, totaling 54 individuals of both genders (34 females and 20 males). During the examination, uncorrected visual acuity, best-corrected visual acuity, and clinical refraction value (in diopters) were assessed for each participant, along with qualitative changes. Additionally, the reserve of relative accommodation (in diopters) was estimated based on the results of the accommodation study. The study sample consisted of 32 participants without ophthalmic pathology and 22 individuals diagnosed with myopia. The parameters of cognitive evoked auditory potential P300 were measured using an electroencephalograph «NeuronSpectrum- 4/VPM» (Neurosoft, Russia) in both groups. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software package. <bold>RESULTS:</bold><bold> </bold>Students with myopia had longer decision-making times compared to individuals with normal vision, as indicated by auditory evoked potentials P300. This effect was observed in the temporal, mid-frontal, and left frontal regions of the brain. Additionally, the anterior-occipital gradient of P300 amplitude was attenuated, with a high amplitude P300 in the left occipital region. <bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> Assessment of myopia should be complemented with an examination of the functional status of the cerebral cortex. Extended auditory processing time, activation of both hemispheres and involvement of the occipital regions during the processing of auditory information may be a result of functional reorganization of the cerebral cortex in individuals with myopia.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Наибольшая доля лиц с впервые выявленной миопией у взрослых приходится на возраст 18–29 лет как у женщин (35,0%), так и у мужчин (59,9%). Нарушение аккомодации и рефракции у современных людей из-за высокой нагрузки на зрительную сенсорную систему в связи с цифровизацией многих сфер жизни ведет к риску развития изменений корковых процессов восприятия, переработки информации и, как следствие, когнитивных нарушений. <bold>Цель. </bold>Изучить различия в характеристиках вызванных потенциалов Р300 у людей 21–23 лет с миопией и без офтальмопатологии. <bold>Материал и методы. </bold>Выполнили офтальмологическое обследование 54 человек (34 девушек и 20 юношей) 21–23 лет (средний возраст — 22,3±0,1 года) из числа студентов вузов Архангельска. Участникам определяли некорригированную и максимально корригированную остроту зрения, величину клинической рефракции (в диоптриях), оценивали качественные изменения, а также запас относительной аккомодации (в диоптриях). Выявили, что в исследуемой выборке 32 участника без офтальмопатологии и 22 с установленным диагнозом «миопия». Провели запись параметров когнитивного вызванного слухового потенциала Р300 с использованием электроэнцефалографа «НейронСпектр-4/ВПМ» («Нейрософт», Россия). Полученные результаты обрабатывали с помощью статистического пакета программ SPSS. <bold>Результаты. </bold>По данным слуховых вызванных потенциалов Р300, у лиц с миопией, в сравнении со здоровыми людьми, более удлинённое время принятия решения в височных, срединно-лобной и левой лобной областях головного мозга, а также сглажен переднезатылочный градиент амплитуды Р300 с относительно высокой амплитудой Р300 в левом затылочном отделе головного мозга. <bold>Заключение. </bold>При изучении миопии следует большее внимание уделять функциональному состоянию коры головного мозга, так как увеличение времени обработки слуховой информации и задействованность левого и правого полушария с вовлечением затылочных областей головного мозга при обработке новой слуховой информации у людей с миопией могут быть связаны с функциональной переорганизацией коры головного мозга.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>young people</kwd><kwd>myopia</kwd><kwd>P300 evoked potentials</kwd><kwd>information processing</kwd><kwd>visual cortex</kwd><kwd>auditory cortex</kwd><kwd>brain</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молодые люди</kwd><kwd>миопия</kwd><kwd>вызванные потенциалы Р300</kwd><kwd>обработка информации</kwd><kwd>зрительная кора</kwd><kwd>слуховая кора</kwd><kwd>головной мозг</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>23–75–01072</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Novikova EI, Nadezhkina EYu, Muzhichenko MV. 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