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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">643109</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco643109</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ECFAPG</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Elemental imbalance in children with cerebral palsy (spastic diplegia)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>К проблеме элементного дисбаланса у детей с детским церебральным параличом (спастической диплегией)</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>关于脑性瘫痪（痉挛性双瘫）儿童元素失衡问题的探讨</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9754-4685</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5305-0589</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Larionova</surname><given-names>Tatiana K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларионова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Кенсариновна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Larionova</surname><given-names>Tatiana K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci (Biology), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci (Biology), Associate Professor</p></bio><email>larionovatk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-4802</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4086-7132</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Daukaev</surname><given-names>Rustem A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даукаев</surname><given-names>Рустем Аскарович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Daukaev</surname><given-names>Rustem A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci (Biology)</p></bio><email>ufa.lab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6127-7703</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1041-3862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaikhlislamova</surname><given-names>Elmira R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайхлисламова</surname><given-names>Эльмира Радиковна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Shaikhlislamova</surname><given-names>Elmira R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>shajkh.ehlmira@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9652-4236</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8038-6346</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Larionova</surname><given-names>Anna N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларионова</surname><given-names>Анна Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Larionova</surname><given-names>Anna N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>annalario21@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-6992</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9475-1793</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Aukhadieva</surname><given-names>Elvira A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аухадиева</surname><given-names>Эльвира Ахатовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Aukhadieva</surname><given-names>Elvira A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ufa.lab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0838-3598</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3704-1010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Allayarova</surname><given-names>Guzel R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аллаярова</surname><given-names>Гузель Римовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Allayarova</surname><given-names>Guzel R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci (Biology)</p></bio><email>ufa.lab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2377-3471</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3805-1755</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Adieva</surname><given-names>Gyuzeliya F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адиева</surname><given-names>Гюзелия Фаритовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Adieva</surname><given-names>Gyuzeliya F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci (Biology)</p></bio><email>ufa.lab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-2703</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4662-3255</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zelenkovskaya</surname><given-names>Evgenya E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зеленковская</surname><given-names>Евгения Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Zelenkovskaya</surname><given-names>Evgenya E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ufa.lab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research and Clinical Center of Pediatric Psychoneurology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-практический центр детской психоневрологии</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Research and Clinical Center of Pediatric Psychoneurology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-04-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>829</fpage><lpage>837</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-17"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-21"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/643109">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/643109</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> The risk of developing various disorders in children, including nervous system diseases, is often associated with impaired mineral metabolism, as macro- and microelements play a critical role in the functioning of both the central and autonomic nervous systems. Elemental imbalance in children may result from intrauterine developmental anomalies or from environmental exposure.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To analyze and assess the elemental composition of hair in children with cerebral palsy (spastic diplegia).</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> A selective cohort study was conducted involving 93 children aged 3 to 6 years. The participants were divided into two groups: the main group, consisting of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy (spastic diplegia), and the control group. To assess elemental status, 14 chemical elements were measured in hair samples using atomic absorption spectrometry.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Elemental homeostasis in children diagnosed with cerebral palsy was found to be disrupted with respect to both essential and conditionally essential elements, as well as toxic ones. In the hair of children in the main group, significantly elevated levels (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05) of manganese, chromium, nickel, and lead were observed compared to the upper reference limit and the control group. At the same time, a significant decrease in selenium concentration was noted, relative to both the lower reference limit and the control group (by a factor of 46 and 20, respectively; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05).</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> Study of the elemental composition of hair may serve as an additional tool in the diagnosis of nervous system disorders in children and in guiding supplemental pharmacologic correction of mineral metabolism.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Риск развития различных патологий у детей, в том числе болезней нервной системы, часто ассоциируется с нарушением минерального обмена в организме, поскольку макро- и микроэлементы играют важную роль в обеспечении деятельности центральной и вегетативной нервной системы. Элементный дисбаланс в детском организме может быть как следствием аномалий внутриутробного развития, так и связанным с внешнесредовым воздействием.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Провести анализ и оценку элементного состава волос у детей с детским церебральным параличом (спастической диплегией).</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проведено поперечное исследование 93 детей в возрасте 3–6 лет. Их разделили на две группы: основную, которую вошли дети с установленным диагнозом «детский церебральный паралич (спастическая диплегия)», и контрольную. Для оценки элементного статуса методом атомно-абсорбционной спектрометрии в пробах волос определены 14 химических элементов.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Элементный гомеостаз детей с диагнозом «детский церебральный паралич» нарушен как в отношении эссенциальных и условно-эссенциальных элементов, так и в отношении токсичных. В волосах детей основной группы установлен достоверно повышенный (<italic>p</italic> &lt;0,05) уровень марганца, хрома, никеля и свинца относительно верхней границы референтного диапазона и показателей контрольной группы. При этом наблюдается значимое снижение концентрации селена относительно нижней границы нормы и показателей контрольной группы (в 46 и 20 раз соответственно; <italic>p</italic> &lt;0,05).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Изучение элементного состава волос может быть использовано в качестве дополнительного теста при диагностике заболеваний нервной системы у детей, назначении лекарственных препаратов для коррекции минерального обмена.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。儿童患多种疾病，尤其是神经系统疾病的风险，常与体内矿物质代谢紊乱相关，因为常量元素和微量元素在中枢神经系统和自主神经系统的功能维持中发挥着重要作用。儿童体内的元素失衡既可能源于宫内发育异常，也可能与外部环境因素相关。</p> <p>目的。分析和评估患有脑性瘫痪（痉挛性双瘫）儿童毛发中的元素组成。</p> <p>材料与方法。本研究为一项93名3–6岁儿童参与的抽样队列研究。受试者被分为两组：一组为主要组，包含确诊为“脑性瘫痪（痉挛性双瘫）”的儿童；另一组为对照组。通过原子吸收光谱法，对毛发样本中14种化学元素的含量进行测定，以评估其元素状态。</p> <p>结果。被诊断为“脑性瘫痪”的儿童在必需元素、相对必需元素以及有毒元素方面的元素稳态均出现紊乱。在主要组儿童的毛发中，锰、铬、镍和铅的含量显著高于参考区间上限和对照组水平（p &lt; 0.05）。硒的浓度相较于参考区间下限和对照组指标显著降低（分别低46倍和20倍；p &lt; 0.05）。</p> <p>结论。毛发元素组成的研究可作为儿童神经系统疾病诊断中的辅助检测方法，并为纠正矿物质代谢紊乱的药物处方提供依据。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>elemental status</kwd><kwd>cerebral palsy</kwd><kwd>trace element imbalance</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>элементный статус</kwd><kwd>детский церебральный паралич</kwd><kwd>дисбаланс микроэлементов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>元素状态</kwd><kwd>脑性瘫痪</kwd><kwd>微量元素失衡</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Castiglioni S, Cazzaniga A, Albisetti W, Maier JA. 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