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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">643368</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco643368</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">XAGPPL</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Physiological rationale for expanding the spectrum of traditional lipid metabolism parameters in indigenous males of the Arctic region</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиологическое обоснование расширения исследования спектра традиционных параметров липидного обмена у коренного мужского населения Арктического региона</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>北极地区原住男性脂质代谢传统参数谱扩展研究的生理学依据</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2954-8040</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4724-9603</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovyeva</surname><given-names>Veronika A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьёва</surname><given-names>Вероника Андреевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Solovyeva</surname><given-names>Veronika A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Lecturer</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Assistant Lecturer</p></bio><email>taurus221@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6932-0446</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2469-9034</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Guseynova</surname><given-names>Ulker G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусейнова</surname><given-names>Улькер Габил кызы</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Guseynova</surname><given-names>Ulker G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ulkerguseynova97@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0664-4224</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2263-8904</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovieva</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьёва</surname><given-names>Наталия Владиславовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Solovieva</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associatе Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associatе Professor</p></bio><email>patophiz@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8507-1489</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3562-3921</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bichkaeva</surname><given-names>Fatima A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бичкаева</surname><given-names>Фатима Артемовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bichkaeva</surname><given-names>Fatima A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><email>fatima@fciarctic.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0350-1359</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2952-0619</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Soloviev</surname><given-names>Andrey G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьёв</surname><given-names>Андрей Горгоньевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Soloviev</surname><given-names>Andrey G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>asoloviev1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северный государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center for Integrated Arctic Studies named after Academician N.P. Laverov of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр комплексного изучения Арктики им. акад. Н.П. Лаверова Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Federal Research Center for Integrated Arctic Studies named after Academician N.P. Laverov of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-05-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>819</fpage><lpage>828</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-24"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-14"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/643368">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/643368</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>Early physiological and biochemical studies reported relatively favorable lipid profiles in terms of protection against cardiovascular risk factors. However, in recent decades, a shift toward a more atherogenic lipid profile has been observed in some apparently healthy individuals living in the North. An expanded lipid panel includes the assessment of apolipoproteins and free fatty acids. There is a growing need for in-depth investigation of lipid metabolism in individuals without clinical signs of its disturbance residing in the Arctic zone to enable early diagnosis, timely correction, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To substantiate the selection of a set of lipid metabolism alteration markers in apparently healthy indigenous males of the Arctic region.</p> <p><bold>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</bold> A total of 112 apparently healthy men permanently residing in the Arkhangelsk Region were examined. Serum levels of total cholesterol, high-, low-, and very-low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, atherogenic index, concentrations of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as the apolipoprotein A to B ratio were determined.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> It was found that, although the levels of total cholesterol, high-, low-, and very-low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides, and the atherogenic index did not exceed reference values in apparently healthy residents of the Arctic region, elevated levels of very-low-density lipoproteins (19.8% of participants), triglycerides (17.2%), and the atherogenic index (52.1%) were observed. Apolipoprotein A levels were below reference values but exceeded apolipoprotein B levels in 39.1% of cases; the apolipoprotein A to B ratio was elevated in 51.2% of subjects. High levels of the palmitic (12.5%) and stearic (10.7%) saturated fatty acids were observed. In contrast, levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids were below the median in the case of ω-6 linoleic (21.4%) and arachidonic (51.5%) acids, as well as ω-3 alpha-linolenic (51.8%), eicosapentaenoic (40.8%), and docosahexaenoic (48.3%) acids. Moderate correlations were identified between triglyceride levels and saturated fatty acids, as well as weaker correlations with polyunsaturated fatty acids.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> Markers of subclinical lipid metabolism disturbances in indigenous residents of the Arctic region include relatively low levels of apolipoprotein A, a higher apolipoprotein B to A ratio, and reduced concentrations of ω-3 (alpha-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic) and ω-6 (linoleic, arachidonic) polyunsaturated fatty acids.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> В ранних физиолого-биохимических исследованиях представлены данные об относительно благоприятных профилях липидного обмена в отношении протекции факторам риска развития патологии сердечно-сосудистой системы. Однако в последние десятилетия у части практически здоровых северян стали выявляться изменения липидного профиля крови атерогенной направленности. Расширенный спектр параметров липидного обмена включает изучение аполипопротеинов и свободных жирных кислот. Возникает необходимость углублённого изучения липидного обмена у лиц без клинических признаков его нарушений, проживающих в Арктической зоне, для ранней диагностики, коррекции и профилактики патологии сердечно-сосудистой системы.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Обоснование выделения совокупности маркеров изменения липидного обмена у практически здорового коренного мужского населения<bold> </bold>Арктического региона.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проведено обследование 112 практически здоровых мужчин, постоянно проживающих в Архангельской области. В сыворотке крови определяли содержание общего холестерина, липопротеинов высокой, низкой и очень низкой плотности, триглицеридов, коэффициент атерогенности, концентрацию насыщенных, мононенасыщенных и полиненасыщенных жирных кислот, соотношение аполипопротеинов А и В.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Установлено, что при невыходящем за пределы референсных значений содержании общего холестерина, липопротеинов высокой, низкой и очень низкой плотности, триглицеридов, коэффициента атерогенности у практически здоровых жителей Арктического региона имеется высокое содержание липопротеинов очень низкой плотности (19,8% обследуемых), триглицеридов (17,2%), коэффициента атерогенности (52,1%); содержание аполипопротеинов А ниже референсных значений, но выше аполипопротеинов В (39,1%), соотношение аполипопротеинов А и В было высоким (51,2 %). Отмечается высокое содержание пальмитиновой (12,5%), стеариновой (10,7%) насыщенных жирных кислот. Напротив, значения ниже медианы отмечены в содержании ω-6 линолевой (21,4%), арахидоновой (51,5%), ω-3 линоленовой (51,8%), эйкозопентаеновой (40,8%), докозагексаеновой (48,3%) полиненасыщенных жирных кислот. Установлены взаимосвязи средней силы между триглицеридами и насыщенными жирными кислотами, но более слабые с полиненасыщенными жирными кислотами.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Маркерами скрытых нарушений липидного обмена у жителей Арктического региона являются относительно низкое содержание аполипопротеинов А, но более высокое соотношение аполипопротеинов В и А, а также низкое содержание ω-3 линоленовой, эйкозопентаеновой, докозагексаеновой и ω-6 линолевой, арахидоновой полиненасыщенных жирных кислот.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。早期的生理-生化研究提供了有关脂质代谢相对有利特征的数据，这些特征与对心血管疾病风险因素的保护作用相关。然而，近几十年来，部分临床健康的北方居民已被发现存在动脉粥样硬化倾向的血脂谱改变。脂质代谢参数谱的拓展应包括对载脂蛋白和游离脂肪酸的检测。因此，有必要对居住在北极地区、无临床脂质代谢紊乱表现的人群进行深入研究，以实现心血管系统疾病的早期诊断、干预和预防。</p> <p>目的。论证在北极地区临床健康的原住男性人群中划定脂质代谢变化标志物组合的合理性。</p> <p>材料与方法。研究对象为112名常住Arkhangelsk州、临床表现健康的男性。检测其血清中的总胆固醇、高密度、低密度和极低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯、动脉粥样硬化指数，以及饱和、单不饱和和多不饱和脂肪酸的含量，并评估载脂蛋白A与B的比值。</p> <p>结果。在大多数总胆固醇、高密度、低密度及极低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯和动脉粥样硬化指数等指标未超出参考范围的背景下，部分北极地区临床健康受试者仍表现出极低密度脂蛋白偏高（19.8%）、甘油三酯偏高（17.2%）、动脉粥样硬化指数升高（52.1%）；载脂蛋白A 水平低于参考值，而载脂蛋白B 水平较高（39.1%），A/B 比值较高（51.2%）。此外，棕榈酸（12.5%） 和硬脂酸（10.7%）等饱和脂肪酸水平较高。而ω-6亚油酸（21.4%）、花生四烯酸（51.5%）、 ω-3亚麻酸（51.8%）、二十碳五烯酸（40.8%）、二十二碳六烯酸（48.3%） 等多不饱和脂肪酸水平则普遍偏低。甘油三酯与饱和脂肪酸呈中等强度相关，与多不饱和脂肪酸的相关性相对较弱。</p> <p>结论。北极地区居民潜在脂质代谢异常的标志物包括：载脂蛋白A含量相对较低、载脂蛋白B与A的比值较高，以及ω-3系列（α-亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸）和ω-6系列（亚油酸、花生四烯酸）多不饱和脂肪酸含量较低。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lipid metabolism</kwd><kwd>apolipoproteins</kwd><kwd>free fatty acids</kwd><kwd>Russian Arctic region</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>липидный обмен</kwd><kwd>аполипопротеины</kwd><kwd>свободные жирные кислоты</kwd><kwd>Арктический регион России</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>脂质代谢</kwd><kwd>载脂蛋白</kwd><kwd>游离脂肪酸</kwd><kwd>俄罗斯北极地区</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Aghajanyan NA, Zhvavy NF, Ananyev VN. 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