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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">643450</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco643450</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">VMWYAW</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prevalence of natural ABO antibodies in donors in Surgut</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Частота встречаемости естественных антител системы АВО у доноров Сургута</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Surgut市献血者ABO系统天然抗体滴度的分布频率</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1641-9856</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5855-6368</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusachenko</surname><given-names>Lyudmila A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусаченко</surname><given-names>Людмила Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Gusachenko</surname><given-names>Lyudmila A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><email>LA264648@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8368-2590</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5908-4625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litovchenko</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литовченко</surname><given-names>Ольга Геннадьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Litovchenko</surname><given-names>Olga G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor</p></bio><email>olgalitovchenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4213-5241</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabidullina</surname><given-names>Rozalija R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габидуллина</surname><given-names>Розалия Рузилевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Gabidullina</surname><given-names>Rozalija R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>yarosalija@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2329-717X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">6676-7057</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chemakin</surname><given-names>Yuriy A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чемакин</surname><given-names>Юрий Алексеевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Chemakin</surname><given-names>Yuriy A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ychemakin1761@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Surgut State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Сургутский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Surgut State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Blood Transfusion Station, Surgut</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Станция переливания крови, Сургут</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Blood Transfusion Station, Surgut</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-06-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>110</fpage><lpage>122</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-03"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/643450">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/643450</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold><bold> </bold>The physiological status of a population can be assessed through the adaptive function of maintaining internal homeostasis, particularly by studying the activity of natural antibodies. The population-specific ecological variability in antibody production is of interest for both population physiology and the advancement of applied transfusion medicine and transplantation.</p> <p><bold>AIM:<italic> </italic></bold>To assess the prevalence of natural ABO antibody titers in donors in Surgut.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> A single-center, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted. The study included donors from Surgut. The presence and activity of natural complete ABO anti-erythrocyte α (anti-A) and β (anti-B) antibodies were assessed using slide titration with standard A(II) and B(III) erythrocytes and isotonic sodium chloride solution. The prevalence of antibody titers was calculated as a percentage.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold><bold> </bold>A total of 14,223 donor blood samples were analyzed. In type O(I) blood donors, natural antibody activity began at titers of 1:2 and 1:4, with some reaching titers as high as 1:512. The most prevalent titers in type A(II) blood donors were 1:8 in males and 1:16 in females, whereas in type B(III) blood donors, a 1:32 titer was most common in both sexes. The highest titers reported in the A(II) and B(III) groups were 1:256. Titer distributions were similar in males and females, with an overall tendency toward lower titers in 2023. A high incidence of 1:8 and 1:16 titers was reported in males and females, respectively.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold><bold> </bold>Distinct patterns in the prevalence of natural ABO antibody titers were identified in 2015–2017 vs. 2023, a period with post-COVID-19 immune response transformation. These differences are likely due to previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and its effects on immune system function. The findings indicate that Surgut donors' immune systems actively produce natural ABO antibodies, which is important for assessing the physiological structure of populations living in specific environments.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Физиологическое состояние популяции можно оценить адаптационной функцией поддержания постоянства внутренней среды организма человека с точки зрения изучения активности естественных антител. Экологическое своеобразие проявления антителообразования в популяциях представляет интерес для популяционной физиологии, а также совершенствования прикладной трансфузиологии и трансплантологии.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Определение особенностей частоты встречаемости титров естественных антител системы ABО у доноров Сургута.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Проведено наблюдательное одноцентровое одномоментное поперечное исследование, в которое включены доноры Сургута. Определение и активность естественных полных АВО антиэритроцитарных α- (анти-А) и β-антител (анти-В) проводили методом титрования на плоскости с использованием стандартных эритроцитов A(II) и B(III) группы, а также изотонического раствора натрия хлорида. Для оценки частоты встречаемости титров антител рассчитывали процентные показатели.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Всего исследовано 14 223 образца донорской крови.<bold> </bold>У доноров Сургута активность естественных антител O(I) группы крови начиналась с титров 1:2 и 1:4. Кроме того, выявлены высокие титры, достигающие 1:512. Для A(II) группы крови наиболее характерны титры 1:8 у мужчин и 1:16 у женщин, а в B(III) группе крови у представителей обоих полов наиболее распространён титр 1:32. Максимальные зарегистрированные титры для A(II) и B(III) групп составили 1:256. У мужчин и у женщин наблюдали схожие сочетания титров, и также их тенденцию к снижению к 2023 г. У мужчин отмечена высокая частота встречаемости титра 1:8, в то время как у женщин — 1:16.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Установлены особенности частоты встречаемости титров естественных антител системы АВО в 2015–2017 гг. по сравнению с 2023 г. — периодом постковидной трансформации иммунного ответа. Полученные различия, вероятно, обусловлены влиянием перенесённой коронавирусной инфекции и её последствиями для иммунной системы. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о том, что иммунная система доноров Сургута активно вырабатывает естественные нормальные групповые антитела, что имеет важное значение при оценке физиологической структуры популяции, проживающей в конкретных условиях среды.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。从生理角度来看，研究天然抗体的活性可用于评估群体维持内环境稳定的适应功能。抗体生成在不同人群中的生态特征对群体生理学具有研究意义，同时对输血医学和移植医学的实践改进亦具有重要价值。</p> <p>目的。确定Surgut市献血者ABO系统天然抗体滴度分布的特征。</p> <p>方法：开展了一项观察性、单中心、横断面研究。</p> <p>纳入研究对象为Surgut市的献血者。采用平板滴定法确定天然全型ABO抗红细胞α（抗-A）和β（抗-B）抗体的有无及其活性，实验中使用标准A(II)型和B(III)型红细胞以及等渗氯化钠溶液。通过计算百分比评估抗体滴度的出现频率。</p> <p>结果。共分析了14,223份献血者血样。在Surgut市O(I)型献血者中，天然抗体活性滴度起始于1:2和1:4。另检测到滴度高达1:512的个体。在A(II)型血中，男性最常见的抗体滴度为1:8，女性则为1:16；而在B(III)型血中，男女献血者最常见的滴度均为1:32。A(II)型与B(III)型的最高记录滴度为1:256。男性与女性的滴度分布组合相似，且至2023年均显示下降趋势。在男性中，滴度为1:8的出现频率较高，而在女性中则以1:16为主。</p> <p>结论。与2015–2017年相比，2023年（COVID-19后免疫反应转变期）ABO系统天然抗体滴度的分布特征发生变化。该差异可能与新冠病毒感染及其对免疫系统的影响相关。研究结果显示，Surgut市献血者群体的免疫系统仍积极产生正常的天然血型抗体，这对于评估特定环境中人群的生理结构具有重要意义。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>donors</kwd><kwd>ABO blood group system</kwd><kwd>natural ABO antibodies</kwd><kwd>titer</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доноры</kwd><kwd>группы крови системы ABO</kwd><kwd>естественные антитела системы ABO</kwd><kwd>титр</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>献血者</kwd><kwd>ABO血型系统</kwd><kwd>天然抗体</kwd><kwd>滴度</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Agadzhanjan NA, Batocyrenova TE, Semenov YuN. 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