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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">65198</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco65198</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Cross-sectional study to measure health literacy among the population over 18 years old in selected regions of the Russian Federation: relevance and study design</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Кросс-секционное исследование по оценке грамотности в вопросах здоровья населения старше 18 лет в отдельных регионах Российской Федерации: актуальность и дизайн</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6572-0592</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3982-0150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lopatina</surname><given-names>Maria V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лопатина</surname><given-names>Мария Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>ms.lopatina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2594-3446</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8255-0059</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popovich</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попович</surname><given-names>Марина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>MPopovich@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2833-534X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5911-4952</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomicheva</surname><given-names>Marina L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомичева</surname><given-names>Марина Леонидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук</p></bio><email>mfomicheva@mznso.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5826-6309</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">627389</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8552-0679</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ziganshina</surname><given-names>Zukhra R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиганшина</surname><given-names>Зухра Рашидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Econ.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук</p></bio><email>zr_ziganshina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prischepa</surname><given-names>Natalya N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прищепа</surname><given-names>Наталья Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>Natprishhepa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-1536</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">241921</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kontsevaya</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Концевая</surname><given-names>Анна Васильевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент</p></bio><email>AKontsevaya@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4456-1297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>Oxana M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>Оксана Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН</p></bio><email>odrapkina@gnicpm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Regional Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention of the Novosibirsk Region</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Региональный центр общественного здоровья и медицинской профилактики Новосибирской области</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский федеральный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention of the Republic of Karelia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Центр общественного здоровья и медицинской профилактики Республики Карелия</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-06-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-04-19"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-01-13"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Lopatina M.V., Popovich M.V., Fomicheva M.L., Ziganshina Z.R., Prischepa N.N., Kontsevaya A.V., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Лопатина М.В., Попович М.В., Фомичева М.Л., Зиганшина З.Р., Прищепа Н.Н., Концевая А.В., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lopatina M.V., Popovich M.V., Fomicheva M.L., Ziganshina Z.R., Prischepa N.N., Kontsevaya A.V., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лопатина М.В., Попович М.В., Фомичева М.Л., Зиганшина З.Р., Прищепа Н.Н., Концевая А.В., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/65198">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/65198</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold><italic>INTRODUCTION</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>Health literacy (HL) is a key factor that determines the effectiveness of decisions made by people with regard to a healthy lifestyle, prevention, and treatment of diseases. In addition, high-quality, updated, and comparable data are required to comprehensively understand the overall situation and identify specific areas for intervention. Therefore, the WHO suggests the regular measurement of HL in accordance with the WHO Action Network on Measuring Population and Organizational Health Literacy.</p> <p><bold><italic>AIM</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>This study aimed to develop a comprehensive system for measuring HL in the prevention and treatment of noncommunicable diseases and in health promotion among the population aged 18 and older.</p> <p><bold><italic>MATERIAL AND METHODS</italic></bold><italic>:</italic> A cross-sectional study was conducted. The questionnaire HLS<sub>19</sub>-Q-22-RU_Russian on measuring HL, which was adapted for the Russian population, was used to ensure the reliability and comparability of the data at the international level. Internal consistency and reliability of the questionnaire were studied using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Participants of the study aged 18 years and older in three regions of the Russian Federation were selected using multistage random sampling. The population survey was conducted through personal interviews in households from November to December 2019.</p> <p>Health literacy levels were formed by calculating the sum of dichotomous elements, which were standardized in the range of 0 to 100. Cut-off points of 50.0–66.6–83.3 were used as threshold values for determining HL levels. The resulting HL levels were labeled as “inadequate,” “problematic,” “sufficient,” and “excellent.”</p> <p><bold><italic>RESULTS</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>Based on the HLS<sub>19</sub> international research standards for measuring HL, the design of the first population study in Russia was developed, which included five stages: adaptation of the questionnaire, sampling procedure, training of interviewers and supervisors, conducting a population study, and data analysis. The assessment of the internal consistency and reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach’s alpha showed a high α value for the Russian questionnaire (α=0.9). Consequently, an international methodology for measuring HL, adapted for the Russian population, was applied.</p> <p><bold><italic>CONCLUSION</italic></bold><italic>: </italic>The findings can be used by researchers, disease prevention, public health promotion, and decision-makers when selecting methods for comprehensive measurements of adult HL at the population level.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение</bold>. Грамотность в вопросах здоровья является одним из ключевых факторов, определяющих эффективность решений, принимаемых людьми в вопросах, касающихся здорового образа жизни, профилактики и лечения заболеваний. Для лучшего понимания общей ситуации и определения конкретных областей, нуждающихся во вмешательстве, требуются высококачественные, регулярно обновляемые и доступные для сравнения данные. В этой связи к числу инициатив ВОЗ, направленных на развитие грамотности в вопросах здоровья, относится регулярное её измерение в рамках сети действий ВОЗ по оценке грамотности в вопросах здоровья на популяционном и организационном уровне.</p> <p><bold>Цель</bold>. Разработать и представить дизайн популяционного исследования по оценке грамотности в вопросах здоровья населения старше 18 лет в отдельных регионах Российской Федерации.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы</bold>. Данное исследование являлось одномоментным (поперечным). Для обеспечения надёжности и сопоставимости данных на международном уровне был использован адаптированный для российской популяции международный вопросник HLS<sub>19</sub>-Q-22-RU_Russian по измерению грамотности в вопросах здоровья. Внутренняя согласованность и надёжность вопросника изучалась с помощью коэффициента альфа Кронбаха. Участники исследования в возрасте 18 лет и старше в трёх субъектах Российской Федерации отбирались методом многоступенчатой случайной выборки. Опрос населения проводился методом личных интервью в домохозяйствах в период с ноября по декабрь 2019 г. Уровни грамотности в вопросах здоровья формировались методом расчёта суммы баллов дихотомированных элементов, которая была стандартизирована в диапазоне от 0 до 100. В качестве пороговых значений для определения уровней грамотности в вопросах здоровья использовались точки отсечения 50,0 — 66,6 — 83,3. Полученные уровни грамотности были обозначены как «низкий», «проблематичный», «достаточный» и «отличный».</p> <p><bold>Результаты</bold>. На основе международного стандарта исследования HLS<sub>19</sub> по измерению грамотности населения в вопросах здоровья был разработан дизайн популяционного исследования в России, включающий 5 этапов: адаптация вопросника, формирование выборки, проведение тренингов интервьюеров и супервайзеров, проведение популяционного исследования и анализ данных. Оценка внутренней согласованности и надёжности вопросника с помощью коэффициента альфа Кронбаха продемонстрировала высокий показатель α для вопросника HLS<sub>19</sub>-Q-22-RU_Russian (α=0,9). В результате была применена адаптированная к российской популяции международная методология измерения грамотности в вопросах здоровья.</p> <p><bold>Заключение</bold>. Полученные данные могут быть использованы исследователями, специалистами в области профилактики заболеваний, укрепления общественного здоровья, а также лицами, пронимающими решения при выборе методов комплексного измерения и оценки грамотности в вопросах здоровья среди взрослого населения на популяционном уровне.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>health literacy</kwd><kwd>measurement</kwd><kwd>population level</kwd><kwd>study design</kwd><kwd>Russian Federation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>грамотность в вопросах здоровья</kwd><kwd>измерение</kwd><kwd>популяционный уровень</kwd><kwd>дизайн исследования</kwd><kwd>Российская Федерация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство здравоохранения РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Ministry of Health</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>Государственное задание №АААА-А19-119020590038-6</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kickbusch I, Pelikan JM, Apfel F, Tsouros AD. 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