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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">656740</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco656740</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">gzhxai</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Changes in overall and primary morbidity in federal districts of the Russian Federation: current status and forecast</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Динамика общей и первичной заболеваемости населения федеральных округов Российской Федерации: состояние и прогноз</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>俄罗斯联邦各联邦区居民总体与初次发病率的动态变化：现状与预测</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3637-9062</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8808-5837</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedeva</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведева</surname><given-names>Ольга Васильевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Medvedeva</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>medvedeva1104@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3034-9014</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9700-6736</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Menshikova</surname><given-names>Larisa I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меньшикова</surname><given-names>Лариса Ивановна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Menshikova</surname><given-names>Larisa I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>menshikova1807@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9309-2853</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8288-6706</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Son</surname><given-names>Irina M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сон</surname><given-names>Ирина Михайловна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Son</surname><given-names>Irina M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>sonirinami@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1138-3900</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1397-4374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chvyreva</surname><given-names>Natalya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чвырева</surname><given-names>Наталья Владимировна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Chvyreva</surname><given-names>Natalya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><email>nchvyreva@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7271-4035</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9874-1020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bolshov</surname><given-names>Ivan N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Большов</surname><given-names>Иван Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bolshov</surname><given-names>Ivan N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><email>Ivan-bolshov89@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3590-753X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4683-5052</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimina</surname><given-names>Elvira V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимина</surname><given-names>Эльвира Витальевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Zimina</surname><given-names>Elvira V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>zev@koziz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ryazan State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Рязанский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Ryazan State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian University of Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет медицины</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Russian University of Medicine</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-06-02" publication-format="electronic"><day>02</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>12</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>863</fpage><lpage>877</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-18"><day>18</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-03-20"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/656740">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/656740</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Morbidity rates serve as key indicators in the comprehensive assessment of public health status. Analyzing their changes plays a crucial role in developing healthcare management strategies at both federal and regional levels. Moreover, such data are used for planning the development of medical infrastructure and identifying the resources needed for its implementation.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>The work aimed to analyze long-term changes in overall and primary morbidity rates across the federal districts of the Russian Federation from 2010 to 2023, assess their trends, and construct predictive models.</p> <p><bold>METHODS</bold>: A retrospective analysis of long-term changes in overall and primary morbidity rates among the population of the federal districts of the Russian Federation was conducted based on data from 2010 to 2023.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> An increase in overall morbidity was observed across all federal districts. The highest rates were recorded in the Northwestern Federal District, with a growth rate of 20.39% over the study period, whereas the lowest were in the North Caucasian Federal District, with a growth rate of 12.634%. In the Russian Federation, primary morbidity showed an upward trend, as evidenced by a growth coefficient of 1.046 and a growth rate of 4.601%. The highest rates of primary morbidity from 2010 to 2023 were observed in the Northwestern, Ural, and Volga Federal Districts, with growth rates of 16.869%, 16.279%, and 3.293%, respectively. The lowest primary morbidity rates were observed in the Central and Southern Federal Districts, as indicated by growth coefficients of 0.992 and 0.979 and growth rates of −0.786% and −2.126%, respectively.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> The analysis of the overall morbidity coefficient revealed that 62.88% of its variability across the Russian Federation was accounted for by temporal changes. The trend demonstrated an unstable upward trajectory, and the parameters of the trend model were statistically significant (MAPE = 0.97; F<sub>calc</sub> = 9.3169 &gt; F<sub>crit</sub> = 3.9823; <italic>p</italic> = 0.006). For the primary morbidity indicator, it was found that in the Russian federation only 43.54% of its variability was explained by changes in the time parameter. The indicator showed an unstable upward trend, with statistically significant trend model parameters (MAPE = 2.24; F<sub>calc</sub> = 4.2417 &gt; F<sub>crit</sub> = 3.9823; <italic>p</italic> = 0.004). The medium-term forecast indicates an increase in both overall and primary morbidity across all federal districts. The growth rates of overall morbidity in the majority of federal districts, as well as in the Russian Federation as a whole, exceed the corresponding rates for primary morbidity.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Уровень заболеваемости является одним из ключевых индикаторов при комплексной оценке состояния общественного здоровья. Анализ его динамики играет важную роль в разработке стратегий управления системой здравоохранения как на федеральном, так и на региональном уровнях. Кроме того, на основе таких данных осуществляют планирование развития инфраструктуры медицинских организаций и определение необходимых ресурсов для его реализации.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Проанализировать многолетнюю динамику общей и первичной заболеваемости населения федеральных округов Российской Федерации за период с 2010 по 2023 год, оценить их тенденции и построить прогностические модели.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы</bold>. Проведён ретроспективный анализ многолетней динамики показателей общей и первичной заболеваемости населения федеральных округов Российской Федерации на основе данных за 2010–2023 гг.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Рост общей заболеваемости зафиксировали во всех федеральных округах. При этом наиболее высокие показатели наблюдали в Северо-Западном федеральном округе, темп прироста за анализируемый период составил 20,39%, наименее низкие — в Северо-Кавказском федеральном округе, темп прироста — 12,634%. В целом по Российской Федерации отмечена тенденция к росту первичной заболеваемости, о чём свидетельствуют значение коэффициента роста — 1,046 и темп прироста — 4,601%. Самые высокие показатели первичной заболеваемости в период с 2010 по 2023 год отмечены в Северо-Западном, Уральском и Приволжском федеральных округах, где темп прироста составил 16,869, 16,279 и 3,293% соответственно. Самые низкие показатели первичной заболеваемости выявлены в Центральном и Южном федеральных округах, о чём свидетельствуют значения коэффициента роста 0,992 и 0,979 и темп прироста — −0,786 и −2,126% соответственно.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Анализ коэффициента общей заболеваемости показал, что для Российской Федерации в целом 62,88% вариабельности показателя объясняется изменением временного параметра. При этом выявлена неустойчивая тенденция к его росту, а параметры трендовой модели являются статистически значимыми (MAPE=0,97; F<sub>расчётный</sub>=9,3169 &gt; F<sub>критический</sub>=3,9823; <italic>р</italic>=0,006). Для показателя первичной заболеваемости установлено, что для Российской Федерации в целом только 43,54% вариабельности показателя объясняется изменением временного параметра и характеризуется неустойчивой тенденцией к его росту, параметры трендовой модели — статистически значимы (MAPE=2,24; F<sub>расчётный</sub>=4,2417 &gt; F<sub>критический</sub>=3,9823; <italic>р</italic>=0,004). Прогноз общей и первичной заболеваемости населения на среднесрочную перспективу показывает рост показателей по всем федеральным округам. Темпы прироста общей заболеваемости населения в большинстве федеральных округов, включая и Российскую Федерацию в целом, превышают соответствующие показатели по первичной заболеваемости.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。发病率是综合评估公共健康状况的关键指标之一。对其动态变化的分析在联邦及地区层面制定卫生系统管理战略中发挥着重要作用。此外，此类数据还用于规划医疗机构基础设施发展和确定所需资源配置。</p> <p>目的。分析2010—2023年俄罗斯联邦各联邦区居民总体与初次发病率的多年动态变化，评估相关趋势并构建预测模型。</p> <p>材料与方法。基于2010—2023年统计数据，对俄罗斯联邦各联邦区居民总体与初次发病率的多年动态进行了回顾性分析。</p> <p>结果。所有联邦区的总体发病率均呈上升趋势。其中，发病率最高的是西北联邦区，分析期内的增长率为20.39%；最低的是北高加索联邦区，增长率为12.634%。在俄罗斯联邦范围内，初次发病率总体呈上升趋势，其增长系数为1.046，增长率为4.601%。2010至2023年间，初次发病率最高的为西北、乌拉尔和伏尔加联邦区，增长率分别为16.869%、16.279%和3.293%。初次发病率最低的为中央联邦区和南部联邦区，其增长系数分别为0.992和0.979，增长率分别为−0.786%和−2.126%。</p> <p>结论。总体发病率系数的分析结果表明，在俄罗斯联邦范围内，该指标62.88%的变异性可由时间变量的变化解释。同时，观察到其增长趋势不稳定，趋势模型参数具有统计学显著性（MAPE = 0.97; Fcalc=9.3169 &gt; Fcrit=3.9823; p=0.006）。对于初次发病率指标而言，研究发现，在俄罗斯联邦范围内，其变异性中仅有43.54%可由时间变量的变化解释，同时呈现出不稳定的增长趋势，趋势模型参数具有统计学显著性（MAPE=2.24；Fcalc=4.2417 &gt; Fcrit=3.9823；p=0.004）。中期预测结果显示，所有联邦区的总体与初次发病率指标均呈增长趋势。在包括全国在内的大多数联邦区中，总体发病率的增长率高于初次发病率的相应水平。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>overall morbidity</kwd><kwd>primary morbidity</kwd><kwd>trends</kwd><kwd>forecast</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>общая заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>первичная заболеваемость</kwd><kwd>тенденции</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>总体发病率</kwd><kwd>初次发病率</kwd><kwd>趋势</kwd><kwd>预测</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Starodubov VI, Stupak VS, Manoshkina EM, et al. 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