Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)Экология человека1728-08692949-1444Eco-Vector6679310.17816/humeco66793ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleImpact of anti-tobacco legislation on hospitalization of patients with respiratory diseases in three regions of the Russian FederationОценка влияния антитабачного законодательства на госпитализацию пациентов с заболеваниями органов дыхания в трёх регионах Российской Федерацииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0319-22422100-9214AgishinaTatiana A.АгишинаТатьяна Александровна
Russian Federation

MD, reasearcher

аспирант

avicenna85@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-15366787-2500KontsevayaAnna V.КонцеваяАнна Васильевна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor

д.м.н., профессор

koncanna@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4018-86459630-8272GambaryanMarine G.ГамбарянМаринэ Генриевна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

к.м.н.

MGambaryan@gnicpm.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-84304456-1297DrapkinaOksana M.ДрапкинаОксана Михайловна
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor

д.м.н., профессор, член-корреспондент РАН

ODrapkina@gnicpm.ruNational medical research center for therapy and preventive medicineНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины14062022010720222931631733004202113012022Copyright ©; 2022, Agishina T.А., Kontsevaya A.V., Gambaryan M.G., Drapkina O.M.Copyright ©; 2022, Агишина Т.А., Концевая А.В., Гамбарян М.Г., Драпкина О.М.2022Agishina T.А., Kontsevaya A.V., Gambaryan M.G., Drapkina O.M.Агишина Т.А., Концевая А.В., Гамбарян М.Г., Драпкина О.М.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/66793

AIM: To assess the impact of anti-tobacco measures under federal anti-tobacco law on the hospital admissions for pneumonia of various diagnoses, and other acute respiratory infections of the lower respiratory tract, bronchial asthma, and asthmatic status in the Samara, Arkhangelsk regions, and the Chuvash Republic.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of monthly hospital admissions for pneumonia (ICD-10 J12–J18), and other acute respiratory infections of the lower respiratory airways (ICD-10 J20–J22), asthma (ICD-10 J45), and status asthmaticus (ICD-10 J46) was carried out in the three selected regions of the Russian Federation from the 1st of January, 2012, till the 31st of December, 2017, and in subgroups (0–14, 15–59, 60 years, and older). The analytical approach used was the interrupted time series method, which was performed using the STATA 15.0 software package.

RESULTS: From this study, it was revealed that there was a decrease in the hospital incidence of respiratory airways infections after each stage of enacting the anti-tobacco policy in all the three selected regions of the Russian Federation. In the Arkhangelsk region, this decrease amounted to 19% in 2013, and 22% in 2014. In the Samara region, 20% and 23% respectively, and the Chuvash Republic, 31% and 39% respectively. A significant decrease in hospital admissions for asthma and status asthmaticus was observed only in the Chuvash Republic (the decrease occurred by 11% in 2013, and by 12% in 2014). In other regions, the observed decrease was not significant.

CONCLUSION: From this study, the results obtained have shown that the anti-tobacco measures introduced in Russia in 2013 and 2014 were responsible for the decrease in the number of hospitalizations for lower respiratory airways infections within the same period.

Цель. Оценить влияние антитабачных мер в рамках Федерального антитабачного закона на госпитальную заболеваемость пневмониями различной этиологии и другими острыми респираторными инфекциями нижних дыхательных путей, а также бронхиальной астмой в Самарской, Архангельской областях и Чувашской Республике.

Материал и методы. Проведён ретроспективный анализ ежемесячных показателей госпитальной заболеваемости пневмониями (коды J12–J18 по МКБ-10) и другими острыми респираторными инфекциями нижних дыхательных путей (коды J20–J22 по МКБ-10), бронхиальной астмой (код J45 по МКБ-10), астматическим статусом (код J46 по МКБ-10) в трёх регионах Российской Федерации с 01.01.2012 г. по 31.12.2017 г., а также в подгруппах по возрасту (0–14, 15–59, 60 лет и старше). Анализ проводили при помощи пакета программ STATA 15.0 методом прерванных временных рядов (interrupted time series).

Результаты. Выявлено снижение госпитальной заболеваемости инфекциями дыхательных путей после каждого из этапов введения антитабачных мер в трёх регионах Российской Федерации: в Архангельской области снижение составило 19% в 2013 году и 22% — в 2014 году, в Самарской области — 20 и 23% соответственно, в Чувашской Республике — 31 и 39% соответственно. Статистически значимое снижение госпитальной заболеваемости бронхиальной астмой и астматическим статусом наблюдалось лишь в Чувашской Республике (на 11% — в 2013 году и на 12% — в 2014 году). В других регионах снижение было статистически не значимым.

Заключение. Антитабачные меры, внедрённые в России в 2013 и 2014 годах, привели к снижению числа госпитализаций по поводу инфекций нижних дыхательных путей.

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