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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">686494</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco686494</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">iyysij</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Dietary preferences of children in the Nenets Autonomous Area considering ethnic affiliation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые предпочтения детей Ненецкого автономного округа с учётом этнической принадлежности</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>考虑民族归属因素的Nenets Autonomous Area儿童饮食偏好</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7973-9320</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8947-5552</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shepeleva</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шепелева</surname><given-names>Ольга Анатольевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Shepeleva</surname><given-names>Olga A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><email>shepelevaoangmu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8936-7324</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7358-1674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Unguryanu</surname><given-names>Tatiana N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Унгуряну</surname><given-names>Татьяна Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Unguryanu</surname><given-names>Tatiana N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p></bio><email>unguryanu_tn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-2588</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3606-3363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Degteva</surname><given-names>Galina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дегтева</surname><given-names>Галина Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Degteva</surname><given-names>Galina N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>gala7d@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5658-6811</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8362-1808</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Simonova</surname><given-names>Natalia N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симонова</surname><given-names>Наталья Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Simonova</surname><given-names>Natalia N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Psychology), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р психол. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Psychology), Professor</p></bio><email>n23117@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1105-471X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3773-2898</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>Irina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Ирина Игоревна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>Irina I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>novikova_ii@niig.su</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северный государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский научно-исследовательский институт гигиены</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Novosibirsk Research Institute of Hygiene</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-07-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-08-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>422</fpage><lpage>432</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-01"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-07-04"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/686494">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/686494</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Children living in the harsh climatic conditions of the Arctic zone are among the most vulnerable age groups. Among all the constituent entities of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, the Nenets Autonomous Area is considered a high-risk territory for primary morbidity in the pediatric population across all classes of diseases. The dietary preferences of children residing in the Nenets Autonomous Area therefore warrant special attention.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>The work aimed to identify the dietary preferences of the pediatric population of the Nenets Autonomous Area, taking into account ethnic affiliation.</p> <p><bold>METHODS: </bold>A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the frequency of food consumption and dietary preferences in children aged 7–17 years attending general educational institutions in the Nenets Autonomous Area. Two groups were formed according to ethnic affiliation: group 1—children from the indigenous population; group 2—children from the non-indigenous population. Relative frequencies were used to describe qualitative variables, with Pearson’s χ<sup>2</sup> test for contingency tables and Fisher’s exact test applied to compare differences between groups and to clarify differences within the tables. A <italic>p</italic>-value of 0.05 was taken as the threshold for statistical significance.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>A total of 809 children participated in the survey: 209 in group 1 and 600 in group 2. Discrepancies were noted in the frequency of consumption of certain food categories by the pediatric population. In addition, an influence of ethnic affiliation on dietary preferences was identified. The proportion of children in group 1 who more frequently included fish, cereals, pasta, legumes, pickled vegetables, berry compotes and fruit drinks, and juices in their diet was higher compared to group 2 (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). The proportion of children in group 2 who consumed fruit daily was higher than in group 1 (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). Daily school diets in the Nenets Autonomous Area more often contained meat, milk, white bread, fruit, and sweet pastries compared to fish, fermented dairy products, rye bread, vegetables, and berries (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05–0.01). Children in group 1 preferred reindeer meat, beetroot, cloudberry, lingonberry, and bilberry, whereas those in group 2 preferred beef, pork, poultry (chicken), and cranberry.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION: </bold>Ethnic affiliation influences dietary preferences. The diet of children in the Nenets Autonomous Area does not correspond to the historically established polar type typical of the Arctic zone. When designing diets, it is important to use food products derived from the local traditional raw material base and to take into account the dietary preferences of ethnic groups.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Дети, проживающие в суровых климатических условиях Арктической зоны, являются наиболее уязвимой возрастной группой. Ненецкий автономный округ среди всех субъектов Арктической зоны Российской Федерации является территорией риска по первичной заболеваемости детского населения по всем классам болезней. Пищевые предпочтения детского населения, проживающего в Ненецком автономном округе, требуют особого внимания.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования.</bold> Выявить пищевые предпочтения детского населения Ненецкого автономного округа с учётом этнической принадлежности.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>Выполнено поперечное исследование по изучению частоты потребления пищевых продуктов и пищевых предпочтений детей в возрасте от 7 до 17 лет, обучающихся в общеобразовательных организациях Ненецкого автономного округа. Сформировано две группы детей в зависимости от этнической принадлежности: 1-я группа — дети из числа коренного населения; 2-я группа — дети из числа некоренного населения. Для описания качественных переменных использованы относительные частоты, для сравнения которых между группами применяли критерий χ<sup>2</sup> Пирсона для таблиц сопряжённости, а также критерий Фишера для уточнения различий внутри данных таблиц. За критический уровень статистической значимости принимали <italic>р</italic>=0,05.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>В анкетировании приняли участие 809 детей, из них 209 человек составили 1-ю группу, а 600 — 2-ю группу. Отмечено несоответствие частоты потребления отдельных групп пищевой продукции детским населением. Кроме того, выявлено влияние этнической принадлежности на пищевые предпочтения. Удельный вес детей 1-й группы, чаще включающих в рацион рыбу,<bold> </bold>крупы, макаронные изделия, бобовые, квашеные овощи, компоты и морсы из ягод, соки выше по сравнению с детьми 2-й группы (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0,001). Доля детей 2-й группы, ежедневно потребляющих фрукты, выше по сравнению с детьми 1-й группы (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0,001). Ежедневные суточные рационы питания школьников Ненецкого автономного округа чаще содержали мясо, молоко, белый хлеб, фрукты, сладкую выпечку по сравнению с рыбой, кисломолочными продуктами, чёрным хлебом, овощами, ягодами (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0,05–0,01). Дети 1-й группы предпочитали оленину, свёклу, морошку, бруснику, чернику, тогда как 2-й группы — говядину, свинину, мясо птицы (курицу), клюкву.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Этническая принадлежность оказывает влияние на пищевые предпочтения. Питание детей Ненецкого автономного округа не соответствует исторически сложившемуся в Арктической зоне полярному типу. При разработке рационов необходимо использовать пищевую продукцию местной традиционной сырьевой базы, а также учитывать пищевые предпочтения этнических групп.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。生活在北极地区严酷气候条件下的儿童是最为脆弱的年龄群体之一。在俄罗斯联邦北极地区各主体中，Nenets Autonomous Area在儿童人口所有疾病类别的初发病率方面均属高风险地区。居住在Nenets Autonomous Area的儿童饮食偏好问题值得特别关注。</p> <p>目的。识别Nenets Autonomous Area儿童的饮食偏好，并结合民族归属因素。</p> <p>方法。开展了一项横断面研究，调查了7–17岁、就读于Nenets Autonomous Area普通教育机构的儿童食品摄入频率及饮食偏好情况。根据民族归属将受试儿童分为两组：第1组为原住民族儿童，第2组为非原住民族儿童。对定性变量采用相对频率进行描述，组间比较使用Pearson χ<sup>2</sup>检验（列联表），并采用Fisher精确检验以明确表内差异。统计学显著性水平设为p=0.05。</p> <p>结果。共809名儿童参与问卷调查，其中第1组209人，第2组600人。结果显示，儿童群体在部分食品类别的摄入频率方面存在不均衡。此外，民族归属对饮食偏好具有显著影响。第1组儿童在饮食中更频繁地加入鱼类、谷物、意大利面、豆类、腌制蔬菜、浆果制成果饮或果汁，其比例显著高于第 2 组（p &lt;0.001）。每日食用水果的儿童比例在第2组显著高于第1组（p &lt;0.001）。Nenets Autonomous Area 学龄儿童的日常膳食更常包括肉类、牛奶、白面包、水果、甜烘焙食品，而鱼类、发酵乳制品、黑面包、蔬菜、浆果的比例较低（p &lt;0.05–0.01）。第1组儿童更偏好驯鹿肉、甜菜、云莓、越桔、蓝莓；第2组则更偏好牛肉、猪肉、禽肉（鸡肉）、蔓越莓。</p> <p>结论。民族归属因素对饮食偏好有显著影响。Nenets Autonomous Area儿童的饮食结构不符合北极地区历来形成的极地型膳食模式。在制定膳食方案时，应更多使用当地传统原料生产的食品，并考虑不同民族群体的饮食偏好。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Arctic</kwd><kwd>Nenets Autonomous Area</kwd><kwd>indigenous children</kwd><kwd>non-indigenous children</kwd><kwd>diet</kwd><kwd>dietary preferences</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Арктика</kwd><kwd>Ненецкий автономный округ</kwd><kwd>коренное детское население</kwd><kwd>некоренное детское население</kwd><kwd>рационы питания</kwd><kwd>пищевые предпочтения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>北极</kwd><kwd>Nenets Autonomous Area</kwd><kwd>原住民族儿童</kwd><kwd>非原住民族儿童</kwd><kwd>膳食结构</kwd><kwd>饮食偏好</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census: Ethnic composition and language proficiency, citizenship. 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