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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">688477</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco688477</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">AXJQYI</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Morbidity characteristics of pregnant women in Eastern Siberia: a retrospective epidemiological study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Характеристика заболеваемости беременных в регионе Восточной Сибири: ретроспективное эпидемиологическое исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>Eastern Siberia地区孕妇发病特征：一项回顾性流行病学研究</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5687-6966</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3430-2802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Leshchenko</surname><given-names>Yaroslav A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лещенко</surname><given-names>Ярослав Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Leshchenko</surname><given-names>Yaroslav A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>yaleshenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2993-4563</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4369-4741</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisovtsov</surname><given-names>Alexandr A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисовцов</surname><given-names>Александр Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Lisovtsov</surname><given-names>Alexandr A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат мед. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><email>a.a.lisovtsov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-09-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-10-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>9</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>640</fpage><lpage>650</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-30"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-23"><day>23</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/688477">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/688477</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND</bold><bold>:</bold> Among the indicators of women’s reproductive health, morbidity rates during pregnancy hold particular significance.</p> <p><bold>AIM</bold><bold>:</bold><bold> </bold>The work aimed to assess the prevalence of diseases complicating pregnancy in the Irkutsk Region during the period 2005–2023.</p> <p><bold>METHODS</bold><bold>:</bold> Study design: retrospective descriptive epidemiological study. Data sources: Rosstat databases and statistical digests Key Indicators of Maternal and Child Health, Activities of Child Welfare and Obstetric Care Services in the Russian Federation. Trends in morbidity indicators were identified by analytical smoothing of time series using a linear least squares model with standard Microsoft Office 2007 tools and IBM SPSS Statistics 23.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS</bold><bold>:</bold><bold> </bold>From 2006 to 2023, substantial changes occurred in the pattern of morbidity among pregnant women: the prevalence of genitourinary system infections decreased (by a factor of 1.36 in the Russian Federation and 1.65 in the Irkutsk Region), as did that of circulatory system diseases (by a factor of 1.85 in the Russian Federation and 2.82 in the Irkutsk Region). The prevalence of endocrine system diseases was variable; however, in 2019–2023 it showed a steady upward trend: in the Russian Federation from 9.29% to 11.47%, and in the Irkutsk Region from 11.34% to 13.03%. The most pronounced negative trend was observed for gestational diabetes mellitus: between 2014 and 2023, its prevalence among pregnant women increased sharply—from 1.33% to 11.38% in the Russian Federation and from 1.31% to 13.58% in the Irkutsk Region.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION</bold><bold>:</bold> In the Irkutsk Region and in the Russian Federation as a whole, the first quarter of the 21st century has been marked by a high prevalence of diseases among pregnant women. This underscores the need for further improvement of preventive measures, development of advanced medical technologies for maternal care, and expansion and refinement of screening programs. Particular attention should be given to reducing the prevalence of anemia, endocrine system diseases, and gestational diabetes mellitus.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold><bold> </bold>Среди характеристик репродуктивного здоровья женщин большое значение имеют показатели заболеваемости беременных.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Оценка распространённости заболеваний, осложнявших течение беременности, в Иркутской области в период с 2005 по 2023 г.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold><bold> </bold>Тип исследования: ретроспективное дескриптивное эпидемиологическое. Источники информации — базы данных Росстата и статистические сборники «Основные показатели здоровья матери и ребёнка, деятельность службы охраны детства и родовспоможения в Российской Федерации». Выявление трендов изменения показателей заболеваемости осуществляли аналитическим выравниванием временнóго ряда с помощью линейной модели по методу наименьших квадратов с помощью стандартных средств Microsoft Office 2007 и IBM SPSS Statistics 23.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> С 2006 по 2023 г. произошли значительные изменения в составе заболеваний беременных: снизилась распространённость инфекций мочеполовой системы (в Российской Федерации — в 1,36 раза, в Иркутской области — в 1,65 раза) и болезней системы кровообращения (в Российской Федерации — в 1,85 раза, в Иркутской области — в 2,82 раза). Распространённость болезней эндокринной системы была вариабельной, но в 2019–2023 гг. шёл последовательный рост показателя: в Российской Федерации — с 9,29 до 11,47%, в Иркутской области — с 11,34 до 13,03%. Наибольшие негативные изменения произошли в динамике гестационного сахарного диабета: с 2014 по 2023 г. стремительно увеличилась распространённость данного заболевания среди беременных: в Российской Федерации — с 1,33 до 11,38%, в Иркутской области — с 1,31 до 13,58%.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> В Иркутской области и в целом в Российской Федерации в первой четверти XXI в. отмечается значительная распространённость заболеваний среди беременных. В связи с этим требуются дальнейшее совершенствование профилактических мероприятий, развитие современных технологий оказания медицинской помощи беременным, расширение и совершенствование скрининговых программ. Особое внимание следует уделить мерам по снижению распространённости анемии, болезней эндокринной системы, гестационного сахарного диабета.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证：在女性生殖健康的特征中，孕妇的发病率指标具有重要意义。</p> <p>目的：评估2005—2023年Irkutsk Region妊娠并发疾病的流行情况。</p> <p>方法：研究类型：回顾性描述性流行病学研究。信息来源：Rosstat（俄罗斯联邦国家统计局）数据库及统计汇编《母婴健康主要指标、儿童保健和产科服务工作》。采用最小二乘法线性模型对时间序列进行分析性平滑处理，利用Microsoft Office 2007和IBM SPSS Statistics 23标准工具揭示孕妇发病率变化趋势。</p> <p>结果：2006—2023年间，孕妇疾病谱发生显著变化：泌尿生殖系统感染的流行率下降（俄罗斯联邦下降1.36倍，Irkutsk Region下降1.65倍），循环系统疾病的流行率也有所下降（俄罗斯联邦下降1.85倍，Irkutsk Region下降2.82倍）。内分泌系统疾病的流行率呈变动趋势，但在2019—2023年间持续增长：俄罗斯联邦从9.29%上升至11.47%，Irkutsk Region从11.34%上升至13.03%。妊娠期糖尿病的动态变化最为不利：2014—2023年间，该病在孕妇中的流行率急剧增加，俄罗斯联邦从1.33%上升至11.38%，Irkutsk Region从1.31%上升至13.58%。</p> <p>结论：在21世纪前四分之一的时间里，Irkutsk Region及整个俄罗斯联邦孕妇疾病的高流行率显著存在。因此，需要进一步完善预防措施，发展现代化孕产妇医疗服务技术，扩大和优化筛查项目。应特别关注降低贫血、内分泌系统疾病和妊娠期糖尿病的流行率。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diseases complicating pregnancy</kwd><kwd>quantitative characteristics</kwd><kwd>trends</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>заболевания, осложняющие течение беременности</kwd><kwd>количественные характеристики</kwd><kwd>тренды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>妊娠并发疾病</kwd><kwd>数量特征</kwd><kwd>趋势</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>122021800277-2</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Starodubov VI, Sukhanova LP. 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