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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">691942</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco691942</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">GMIGDK</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Hair mineralograms in children with autism spectrum disorders</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Минералограммы детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>自闭症谱系障碍儿童的毛发矿物图谱</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6583-4175</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5825-7122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lugovaya</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луговая</surname><given-names>Елена Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Lugovaya</surname><given-names>Elena A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor</p></bio><email>elena_plant@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2432-3408</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7050-3412</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbachev</surname><given-names>Anatoly L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбачев</surname><given-names>Анатолий Леонидович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Gorbachev</surname><given-names>Anatoly L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><email>gor000@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Center "Arctic" Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский центр «Арктика» Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Research Center "Arctic" Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-11-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>11</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>775</fpage><lpage>786</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-04"><day>04</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-11-14"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/691942">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/691942</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>Autism spectrum disorders are often accompanied by comorbid somatic conditions, which necessitates the development of reliable methods of predictive diagnostics. The analysis of hair elemental composition, which reflects long-term metabolic status, can identify individual micronutrient imbalances and enable the development of personalized correction plans to prevent related health disorders.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>This work aimed to evaluate the potential of hair mineralograms as a predictive biomarker for the risk of comorbid somatic disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders, thereby facilitating the development of personalized correction plans.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> In 36 children diagnosed with conditions classified as “Pervasive developmental disorders” (group 1) and 64 children of the control group (group 2) living in Magadan, the concentrations of 25 macro- and microelements in hair were determined using spectrometric methods. We performed a step-by-step analysis of the absolute bioelement content, an intergroup comparison of deviation frequencies from reference values, a correlation analysis, and constructed an elemental imbalance formula for group 1.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>In group 1, potassium and cobalt levels were statistically significantly higher than in group 2, whereas the concentrations of iron, selenium, manganese, chromium, silicon, and arsenic were lower (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). The frequency analysis of deviations revealed manganese deficiency (44% in group 1 and 23% in group 2), zinc deficiency (25% and 50% in group 1 and group 2, respectively), phosphorus deficiency (86% and 42% in group 1 and group 2, respectively), and sodium deficiency (39% and 17% in group 1 and group 2, respectively). Silicon deficiency was identified for the first time in group 1 (42%), which is not typical for Magadan residents in general. In the center of the correlation cluster of group 1 lies manganese, forming strong statistically significant correlations with iron and zinc (<italic>r</italic> &gt; 0.7; <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05).</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> The elemental imbalance formula for autism spectrum disorders incorporates an excess of vanadium and a deficiency of sodium, silicon, manganese, and phosphorus. This pattern is identified against the characteristic “northern” deficiency of calcium, magnesium, cobalt, and iodine in these children. Iron and selenium deficiency in the hair of children with autism spectrum disorders was not detected, which may indicate sufficient intake but impaired absorption in a leaky gut, preventing adequate metabolism. The findings provide insight into the fundamental organization of the bioelemental system in autism spectrum disorders, suggesting possible variations depending on regional biogeochemistry, sex, age, and diagnosis characteristics.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>Расстройства аутистического спектра часто сопровождаются коморбидными соматическими патологиями, что требует разработки надёжных методов предиктивной диагностики. Анализ элементного состава волос, отражающий долгосрочный метаболический статус, позволяет выявить индивидуальный дисбаланс микроэлементов и создать персонализированные схемы коррекции для профилактики сопутствующих нарушений.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Провести оценку потенциала минералограмм волос в качестве предиктивного биомаркера рисков развития коморбидных соматических нарушений у детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра для разработки персонализированных схем коррекции.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>У 36 детей с диагнозами, соответствующими группе болезней<bold> </bold>«Общие расстройства психологического развития» (1-я группа), и 64 детей контрольной группы (2-я группа), проживающих в Магадане, спектрометрическими методами определено содержание в волосах 25 макро- и микроэлементов. Провели пошаговый анализ абсолютного содержания биоэлементов, межгрупповое сравнение частот отклонений от референсных значений, корреляционный анализ и построили формулу элементного дисбаланса для 1-й группы.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>В 1-й группе содержание калия и кобальта статистически значимо выше, чем во 2-й, а концентрация железа, селена, марганца, хрома, кремния, мышьяка ниже (<italic>р</italic> &lt;0,05). При анализе частот отклонений обнаружены дефицит марганца (44% в 1-й группе и 23% во 2-й), цинка (25 и 50% соответственно в 1-й и 2-й группах), фосфора (86 и 42% соответственно в 1-й и 2-й группах), натрия (39 и 17 соответственно в 1-й и 2-й группах). Впервые обнаружен дефицита кремния в 1-й группе (42%), который не характерен в целом для жителей Магадана. В центре корреляционной плеяды 1-й группы находится марганец, который образует сильные статистически значимые корреляционные связи с железом и цинком (<italic>r</italic> &gt;0,7; <italic>р</italic> &lt;0,05).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> В формулу элементного дисбаланса при расстройствах аутистического спектра включён избыток ванадия и дефицит натрия, кремния, марганца и фосфора, что выявляется на фоне «северного» дефицита кальция, магния, кобальта, йода у этих же детей. Дефицит железа и селена в волосах детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра не обнаружен и может свидетельствовать о их достаточном поступлении в организм, но невозможности всасываться в «дырявом кишечнике» и обеспечивать необходимый метаболизм. Полученные результаты приоткрывают фундаментальные основы организации биоэлементной системы при расстройствах аутистического спектра, допуская их варианты в зависимости от биогеохимии региона, пола, возраста и особенностей диагноза.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。自闭症谱系障碍常伴随多种躯体共病，因此需要建立可靠的预测性诊断方法。毛发元素分析可反映机体长期代谢状态，有助于识别个体微量元素失衡，并制定个体化矫正方案以预防相关紊乱。</p> <p>目的。评估毛发矿物图谱作为预测自闭症谱系障碍儿童躯体共病风险的潜在生物标志物，并用于个体化矫正策略的制定。</p> <p>方法。对Magadan地区36名诊断为“广泛性发育障碍”的儿童（第1组）及64名对照儿童（第2组）毛发中25种宏/微量元素进行光谱检测。开展元素绝对含量逐步分析、组间偏离参考值频率比较、相关分析，并建立第1组元素失衡公式。</p> <p>结果。第1组毛发中钾、钴含量显著高于第2组，铁、硒、锰、铬、硅、砷含量更低（p&lt;0.05）。偏离参考值频率分析显示：锰缺乏（第1组44%，第2组23%）、锌缺乏（第1组25%，第2组50%）、磷缺乏（第1组86%，第2组42%）、钠缺乏（第1组39%，第2组17%）。首次发现第1组存在硅缺乏（42%），该特征在Magadan人群中并不典型。第1组相关性网络的中心元素为锰，并与铁和锌存在显著正相关（r&gt;0.7；p&lt;0.05）。</p> <p>结论。自闭症谱系障碍儿童的元素失衡公式包括钒过量及钠、硅、锰、磷缺乏，这些改变是在同一组儿童存在典型“北方型”低钙、低镁、低钴、低碘背景下表现出来的。毛发中未发现铁和硒缺乏，这可能表明其摄入量充足，但由于“肠漏”导致吸收受限，从而无法参与并维持正常代谢。研究结果揭示了自闭症谱系障碍中生物元素系统组织的基本规律，并提示该系统可能因地区生物地球化学背景、性别、年龄及诊断特征而呈现不同变体。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autism</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>chemical elements</kwd><kwd>hair</kwd><kwd>imbalance</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аутизм</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>химические элементы</kwd><kwd>волосы</kwd><kwd>дисбаланс</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>自闭症</kwd><kwd>儿童</kwd><kwd>化学元素</kwd><kwd>毛发</kwd><kwd>失衡</kwd><kwd>生物标志物</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="zh">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>075-00465-24-00</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Gorbachev AL. 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