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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">695585</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco695585</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">CILNNZ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Specific features of physical development in children and adolescents of an industrial city: the case of Stavropol from the 1950s to the 2000s</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности физического развития детей и подростков промышленного города на модели Ставрополя с 1950-х по 2000-е гг.</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>斯塔夫罗波尔工业城市儿童青少年体格发育特征（1950-2000年代）</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7750-7924</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5355-2226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedotova</surname><given-names>T. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федотова</surname><given-names>Татьяна Константиновна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Fedotova</surname><given-names>T. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><email>tatiana.fedotova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5201-7128</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8199-7201</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbacheva</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбачева</surname><given-names>Анна Константиновна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Gorbacheva</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><email>angoria@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6490-4004</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9951-6270</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Permiakova</surname><given-names>E. Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пермякова</surname><given-names>Екатерина Юрьевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Permiakova</surname><given-names>E. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><email>ekaterinapermyakova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-01-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-22" publication-format="electronic"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">Экология человека</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="zh">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</issue-title><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-31"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-01-20"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/695585">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/695585</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> The relevance of this study is driven by a substantial increase in the contribution of urbanization to the processes of growth and development in children and adolescents.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> The work aimed to analyze the anthropogenic footprint in the morphological status of children and adolescents based on survey data from schoolchildren in Stavropol.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:<italic> </italic></bold>Three datasets were used in the study, comprising data from the examination of Stavropol schoolchildren aged 7–15/17 years: 1958, 1290 individuals; 1987, 1136 individuals; and 2001, 1054 individuals. Each sex- and age-specific group in each dataset included approximately 60 individuals. Body height and chest circumference were assessed (trends of absolute values and annual increments), as well as age at menarche in girls.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:<italic> </italic></bold>Children and adolescents examined in 1958 lagged their peers from later survey years primarily in body height; these differences increased in older age groups, reaching 1.3 and 1.4 standard deviations in boys and girls, respectively, by the age of 16 years. The lowest chest circumference values were observed in boys from the 1958 cohort (lag of 1.0 standard deviation) and in girls from the 2001 cohort. In girls examined in 1958, the peak height velocity occurred at the age of 10 years, amounting to 5 cm, and preceded menarche (14 years) by four years. This represents a set of features indicative of delayed development. In contrast, girls examined in 2001 demonstrated a pattern of accelerated development, with a peak height velocity at the age of 12 years, an intensity of 6 cm, and an interval of only seven months before menarche (12 years 7 months). In boys, the relationship between chronological age and peak growth intensity showed a similar pattern across cohorts.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:<italic> </italic></bold>Among groups of Stavropol schoolchildren, a trend toward a temporal increase in body height throughout the second half of the 20th century was observed. The most pronounced lag relative to peers from the 1980s–2000s was noted in adolescents aged 13–16 years examined in 1958, who were born during the years of the Great Patriotic War, reflecting the severe negative impact of military conflicts on physical development. The concurrent temporal reduction in chest circumference, particularly pronounced in girls, supports the presence of a trend toward gracilization and leptosomatization of body build, as described in the global scientific data. Peak height velocity serves as an informative indicator of population growth trends.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Актуальность настоящего исследования продиктована значительным увеличением вклада урбанизации в процессы роста и развития детей и подростков.</p> <p><bold>Цель. </bold>Анализ антропогенного следа в морфологическом статусе детей и подростков на материалах обследования детей Ставрополя.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>К работе привлечены три массива данных, включающих материалы обследования ставропольских школьников 7–15/17 лет: 1958 г. — 1290 человек; 1987 г. — 1136 человек; 2001 г. — 1054 человека. Численность каждой половозрастной группы в каждой из выборок — около 60 человек. Рассматривали длину тела и окружность грудной клетки (динамика абсолютных значений и погодовых приростов) и возраст менархе у девушек.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Дети и подростки 1958 г. обследования отстают от своих сверстников последующих годов обследования в первую очередь по величине длины тела, в старших возрастах различия увеличиваются, достигая в 16 лет 1,3 и 1,4 сигмы у мальчиков и девочек соответственно. Минимальные значения окружности грудной клетки зафиксированы в выборке мальчиков 1958 г. (отставание 1,0 сигма) и девочек 2001 г. В выборке девочек 1958 г. пик прироста длины тела приходится на 10 лет, составляет 5 см и опережает возраст менархе (14 лет) на 4 года; это комплекс признаков замедленного развития. Противоположный комплекс показателей ускоренного развития у девочек 2001 г. обследования — возраст пика 12 лет, интенсивность 6 см, опережает возраст менархе (12 лет 7 мес.) всего на 7 мес. Соотношение хронологического возраста и интенсивности пика в разных выборках у мальчиков аналогично.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>В группах ставропольских школьников фиксируется тенденция к временно́му увеличению длины тела на протяжении второй половины ХХ в. Особенно отчётливое отставание от ровесников 1980–2000-х гг. проявляется у подростков 13–16 лет 1958 г. обследования, родившихся в годы Великой Отечественной войны, что является следствием крайне негативного влияния военных конфликтов на физическое развитие. Сочетание с временны́м уменьшением обхвата грудной клетки, особенно явно выраженным у девушек, позволяет говорить о тенденции к грацилизации и лептосомизации телосложения, отмечаемой в мировой литературе. Пик скорости роста длины тела является информативным индикатором темпов роста популяции.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。本研究的现实性是由于城市化对儿童和青少年成长与发展过程的贡献显著增加所致。</p> <p>目的。对斯塔夫罗波尔儿童调查材料中儿童和青少年形态学状态的人为影响分析。</p> <p>方法。在工作中使用了三个数据集，包括对斯塔夫罗波尔地区7至15/17岁学生的调查材料：1958年——1290人；1987年——1136人；2001年——1054人。每个性别年龄组在每个样本中的人数约为60人。研究了女孩的身体长度和胸围（绝对值和年度增长的动态）以及初潮年龄。</p> <p>结果。1958年调查的儿童和青少年在身高方面落后于后续年份调查的同龄人，年龄越大差异越大，16岁时男孩和女孩分别达到1.3和1.4个标准差。1958年男孩样本的胸围最小（落后1.0个标准差），2001年女孩样本也是如此。1958年女孩样本的身高增长高峰出现在10岁，增长5厘米，比初潮年龄（14岁）提前4年；这是发育迟缓的特征。2001年调查的女孩则表现出相反的加速发育特征——高峰年龄为12岁，增长强度为6厘米，仅比初潮年龄（12岁7个月）提前7个月。男孩不同样本中年龄与增长强度的关系类似。</p> <p>结论。在斯塔夫罗波尔学童群体中，20世纪下半叶身体长度暂时增加的趋势得以记录。1958年调查中出生于伟大卫国战争时期的13-16岁青少年，其体格发育相较于1980-2000年代的同龄人表现出尤为明显的滞后，这是军事冲突对生长发育造成极端负面影响的直接后果。胸围在对应时期的减小（在女孩中尤为明显），结合体型向纤细化和瘦长化发展的趋势，印证了世界文献中已有记载的体格演变方向。身体长度增长速度的峰值是群体增长速度的有力指标。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biological anthropology</kwd><kwd>puberty</kwd><kwd>body height</kwd><kwd>chest circumference</kwd><kwd>age at menarche</kwd><kwd>peak growth velocity</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биологическая антропология</kwd><kwd>половое созревание</kwd><kwd>длина тела</kwd><kwd>окружность грудной клетки</kwd><kwd>возраст менархе</kwd><kwd>пик скорости роста</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>生物人类学</kwd><kwd>性成熟</kwd><kwd>身体长度</kwd><kwd>胸围</kwd><kwd>初潮年龄</kwd><kwd>增长速度峰值</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">МГУ имени М.В. 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