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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">697254</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco697254</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">TIYUZE</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Pulmonary function patterns in young men, long-term residents of different climatic and geographic regions of Russia (European Arctic, Far North, Central Russia)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Особенности показателей внешнего дыхания юношей, длительно проживающих в различных климатогеографических условиях России (Европейское Заполярье, Крайний Север, средняя полоса)</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>俄罗斯不同气候地理条件下长期居住的青少年外呼吸指标的特点（欧洲极地、远北、中部地区）</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4761-5144</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5475-4644</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vdovenko</surname><given-names>Sergei I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вдовенко</surname><given-names>Сергей Игоревич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Vdovenko</surname><given-names>Sergei I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><email>vdovenko.sergei@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Scientific Research Center «Arktika» of Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский центр «Арктика» Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Scientific Research Center «Arktika» of Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-02-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-29" publication-format="electronic"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>108</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-02"><day>02</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-03"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/697254">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/697254</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND: </bold>The respiratory system is one of the few physiological systems that cannot be fully protected from the adverse effects of extreme environmental factors under normal conditions. The impact of such factors is expected to vary across regions of the country that differ markedly in their climatic characteristics.</p> <p><bold>AIM: </bold>The work aimed to identify respiratory function patterns in young men residing in different ecological and climatic conditions of the Russian Federation.</p> <p><bold>METHODS: </bold>A total of 424 apparently healthy young men aged 17–21 years were examined. Participants represented three macroregions: the Arctic zone (Murmansk, 68°58ʹ N, 33°05ʹ E), the Far North (Magadan, 59°34ʹ N, 150°48ʹ E), and Сentral Russia (Ulyanovsk, 54°19ʹ N, 48°22ʹ E). Pulmonary function was assessed using the Diamant-C device (Russia). Volume and flow parameters of the respiratory system were analyzed. Measured pulmonary function indices were compared with predicted reference values calculated for the population of Сentral Russia. Inclusion criteria involved the absence of acute or chronic diseases and no health-related complaints at the time of examination.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS: </bold>Substantial intergroup differences were observed in most pulmonary function parameters between young men from Murmansk and Magadan, as well as between Magadan and Ulyanovsk. A marked increase in patency of large (maximal expiratory flow at 25%), medium (maximal expiratory flow at 50%), and small (maximal expiratory flow at 75%) bronchi was identified in young men from Magadan, with minimal deviations in volume and flow capacity parameters of the respiratory system.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> The findings demonstrate regional characteristics of respiratory function in young adults residing in extreme climatic conditions of the Arctic zone and the Far North of the Russian Federation. The greatest functional strain of the respiratory system was observed in young men residing long-term in the Far North (Magadan), even compared with those from the Arctic region (Murmansk). The most favorable pulmonary function characteristics were recorded in participants from Сentral Russia (Ulyanovsk).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Респираторная система — одна из немногих физиологических систем организма, которая не может быть полностью защищена в обычных условиях от негативного воздействия экстремальных факторов внешней среды. Очевидно, что данное влияние будет неодинаково в разных регионах страны, радикально отличающихся по климатическим характеристикам.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Выявить особенности функционирования системы внешнего дыхания у юношей, проживающих в различных эколого-климатических условиях Российской Федерации.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> Были обследованы 424 практически здоровых юноши 17–21 года — представителей трёх макрорегионов: Арктической зоны (Мурманск, 68°58ʹ с. ш., 33°05ʹ в. д.), Крайнего Севера (Магадан, 59°34ʹ с. ш., 150°48ʹ в. д.) и средней полосы (Ульяновск, 54°19ʹ с. ш., 48°22ʹ в.д.). Функцию внешнего дыхания оценивали с помощью прибора «Диамант-C» (Россия), анализировали объёмные и скоростные характеристики респираторной системы. Полученные показатели функции внешнего дыхания сравнивали с должными значениями, рассчитанными для популяции жителей центральной части Российской Федерации. Условием включения в исследование являлось отсутствие острых и хронических заболеваний и жалоб на состояние здоровья.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Установлены значимые межгрупповые изменения по большинству показателей функции внешнего дыхания между юношами из Мурманска и Магадана, а также Магадана и Ульяновска. Выявлено значительное возрастание проходимости крупных (МОС<sub>25%</sub>), средних (МОС<sub>50%</sub>) и мелких (МОС<sub>75%</sub>) бронхов у юношей-магаданцев при минимальном отклонении значений, характеризующих ёмкостные и скоростные показатели работы респираторной системы.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Полученные результаты позволили установить региональные особенности функционирования системы внешнего дыхания у лиц молодого возраста, проживающих в экстремальных природно-климатических условиях Арктической зоны Российской Федерации и Крайнего Севера. Максимальное напряжение в функционировании респираторной системы было зафиксировано у юношей, длительно проживающих в условиях Крайнего Севера (Магадан), даже в сравнении с лицами из Арктики (Мурманск). При этом оптимальные характеристики функции внешнего дыхания отмечались у обследованных юношей из средней полосы России (Ульяновск).</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。 呼吸系统是少数几个在常规条件下无法完全保护其免受外部环境极端因素负面影响的生理系统之一。显然，这种影响在气候特征迥异的国内各地区会有所不同。</p> <p>目的。 揭示居住在俄罗斯联邦不同生态环境气候条件下的青少年外呼吸系统功能的特点。</p> <p>方法。 对424名17–21岁大体健康青少年进行了调查，他们来自三个大区：北极地区 （摩尔曼斯克，北纬68°58′，东经33°05′）、远北地区（马加丹，北纬59°34′，东经150°48′）和中部地区（乌里扬诺夫斯克，北纬54°19′，东经48°22′）。使用“Диамант-C”设备（俄罗斯）评估外呼吸功能，分析呼吸系统的肺容积与流速指标。将获得的外呼吸功能指标与为俄罗斯联邦中部地区人群计算的预计值进行比较。研究的纳入条件为无急、慢性疾病且无健康主诉。</p> <p>结果。 摩尔曼斯克与马加丹青年之间，以及马加丹与乌里扬诺夫斯克青年之间，大多数外呼吸功能指标存在显著的组间差异。马加丹青年大（МОС25%）、中（МОС50%）、小（МОС75%）支气管的通畅性显著提高，而反映呼吸系统容量与流速的指标偏差最小。</p> <p>结论。 所得结果揭示了居住在俄罗斯联邦北极地区及远北地区极端自然气候条件下的年轻人生理性呼吸系统功能的区域特征。与北极地区（摩尔曼斯克）的青年相比，长期居住于极北地区（马加丹）青年的呼吸系统功能负荷最大。 同时，俄罗斯中部地区（乌里扬诺夫斯克）的受检青年表现出最佳的外呼吸功能特征。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pulmonary function</kwd><kwd>young men</kwd><kwd>Arctic</kwd><kwd>Far North</kwd><kwd>Сentral Russia</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>функция внешнего дыхания</kwd><kwd>юноши</kwd><kwd>Арктика</kwd><kwd>Крайний Север</kwd><kwd>средняя полоса Российской Федерации</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>外呼吸功能</kwd><kwd>青年</kwd><kwd>北极</kwd><kwd>极北</kwd><kwd>俄罗斯中部地区</kwd><kwd>适应</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of RF</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="zh">Government of RF</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by budgetary funding from the Scientific Research Center Arktika, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as part of the research project Comprehensive Molecular-Genetic and Morphofunctional Determinants of Adaptive Remodeling under Northern Conditions (Registration No. 1025031800012-3-3.1.8).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счёт бюджетного финансирования НИЦ «Арктика» ДВО РАН в рамках темы «Комплексные молекулярно-генетические и морфофункциональные детерминанты адаптационных перестроек в условиях Севера» (рег. номер 1025031800012-3-3.1.8).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="zh">The study was supported by budgetary funding from the Scientific Research Center Arktika, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as part of the research project Comprehensive Molecular-Genetic and Morphofunctional Determinants of Adaptive Remodeling under Northern Conditions (Registration No. 1025031800012-3-3.1.8).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Popova ON, Shcherbina JuF. 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