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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Экология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1728-0869</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2949-1444</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">704688</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/humeco704688</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">TXXYQV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comprehensive zoning of various climatogeographic regions of Russia based on the integral discomfort coefficient: a medico-physiological approach</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Комплексное районирование различных климатогеографических регионов России на основе интегрального коэффициента дискомфортности: медико-физиологический подход</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>基于综合不舒适度系数对俄罗斯不同气候地理区域进行综合区划：医学生理学方法</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4511-6782</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9402-0363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Averyanova</surname><given-names>Inessa V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аверьянова</surname><given-names>Инесса Владиславовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Averyanova</surname><given-names>Inessa V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor FEB RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор ДВО РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor FEB RAS</p></bio><email>Inessa1382@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4761-5144</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5475-4644</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vdovenko</surname><given-names>Sergei I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вдовенко</surname><given-names>Сергей Игоревич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Vdovenko</surname><given-names>Sergei I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><email>vdovenko.sergei@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3251-5159</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9123-7361</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezmenova</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безменова</surname><given-names>Ирина Николаевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bezmenova</surname><given-names>Irina N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p></bio><email>lependina_bel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5718-5398</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9504-6020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bredikhina</surname><given-names>Olga O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бредихина</surname><given-names>Ольга Олеговна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bredikhina</surname><given-names>Olga O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>oalesina597@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">"Arctic" Research Center, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский центр «Арктика» Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">"Arctic" Research Center, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-05-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-08-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>355</fpage><lpage>366</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-19"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-04-17"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2026, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="zh">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/704688">https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/704688</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> Despite the evident significance of natural and climatic factors for physiological function and adaptive responses, comprehensive zoning of the Russian Federation according to the discomfort effects of these factors on humans remains unresolved. In this context, the development of an integral discomfort coefficient is particularly relevant; unlike existing approaches, it would allow quantitative assessment of adaptation intensity in populations from different climatogeographic regions and ranking of territories by physiological stress level.</p> <p><bold>AIM:</bold> To develop an integral discomfort coefficient that enables quantitative assessment of the body’s adaptive responses in populations from different Russian climatogeographic regions using a medico-physiological approach, and to rank territories by physiological stress level.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> The study examined 256 healthy male volunteers aged 17–21 years from three locations: the Arctic zone (Murmansk), the Far North (Magadan), and the central belt (Moscow and Ulyanovsk). We analyzed functional system stress, thyroid function, respiratory status, basal metabolic rate, and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Using mathematical modeling, we calculated the discomfort coefficient for each population.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> Our comprehensive studies produced a combined index that serves as an integral discomfort coefficient (DC). It enables quantitative assessment of the degree of deviation in functional parameters and identification of region-specific patterns. Analysis revealed a clear gradient in functional status: the Northeast, with an index of 100 arbitrary units, shows pronounced functional stress; the Northwest, with 73.05 units, shows signs of moderate maladaptation (elevated stress with a tendency to high levels); and the central belt, with a zero index, corresponds to an optimal state.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> The developed index proved to be an informative marker for comparing functional stress across territories, providing a scientific basis for zoning northern areas and the Arctic based on biomedical mapping.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование.</bold> Несмотря на очевидную значимость влияния природно-климатических факторов на физиологические функции и развитие адаптационных реакций организма, проблема комплексного районирования территории Российской Федерации по степени их дискомфортного влияния на организм человека остаётся далёкой от окончательного решения. В этой связи особую актуальность приобретает разработка интегрального коэффициента дискомфортности, который, в отличие от существующих подходов, позволит количественно оценить выраженность адаптационных процессов у населения различных климатогеографических регионов и ранжировать территории по степени напряжённости физиологических функций.</p> <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Разработка интегрального коэффициента дискомфортности, позволяющего количественно оценить выраженность адаптационных реакций организма у населения различных климатогеографических регионов Российской Федерации и осуществить ранжирование территорий по степени напряжённости физиологических функций на основе медико-физиологического подхода.</p> <p><bold>Методы.</bold> Обследованы 256 практически здоровых юношей в возрасте 17–21 года, представители трёх локаций исследования — Арктической зоны Российской Федерации (Мурманск), Крайнего Севера (Магадан) и средней полосы Российской Федерации (Москва и Ульяновск). Анализировали уровень напряжения функциональных систем человека, функцию щитовидной железы, состояние внешнего дыхания и основного обмена, а также углеводный и липидный обмен. На основании математического моделирования рассчитывали коэффициент дискомфортности для каждой обследованной популяции.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold><bold> </bold>Проведённые комплексные исследования позволили разработать комбинированный индекс, выступающий в качестве интегрального коэффициента дискомфортности. Он даёт возможность количественно оценить степень отклонения функциональных показателей и выявить регионально-специфические паттерны этих изменений. Анализ полученных данных выявил чёткий градиент функционального состояния исследуемых регионов: Северо-Восток с индексом 100 усл. ед. характеризуется состоянием выраженного функционального напряжения; Северо-Запад с индексом 73,05 усл. ед. демонстрирует признаки умеренной дезадаптации (повышенное напряжение с тенденцией к высокому); средняя полоса России с нулевым значением индекса соответствует оптимальному физиологическому состоянию.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Разработанный индекс подтвердил свою эффективность в качестве информативного маркёра для сравнительной оценки функционального напряжения различных территорий, что создаёт научную основу для районирования северных территорий и Арктики на основе медико-биологического картирования.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>论证。尽管自然气候因素对生理功能和机体适应反应发展的影响显而易见，但按其对人体不舒适影响程度对俄罗斯联邦领土进行综合区划的问题远未得到最终解决。鉴于此，制定综合性不适系数具有特殊的现实意义，该系数与现有方法不同，能够定量评估不同气候地理区域人口的适应过程表现程度，并依据生理功能紧张程度对区域进行分级。</p> <p>目的。开发综合性不适系数，以定量评估俄罗斯联邦不同气候地理区域人口机体适应反应的表现程度，并基于医学生理学方法，依据生理功能紧张程度对领土进行分级。</p> <p>方法。对256名17-21岁基本健康的男青年进行了检查，他们代表三个研究地点—俄罗斯联邦北极地区（摩尔曼斯克）、极北地区（马加丹）和俄罗斯联邦中部地区（莫斯科和乌里扬诺夫斯克）。分析了人体功能系统的紧张水平、甲状腺功能、外呼吸状态和基础代谢，以及碳水化合物和脂质代谢。基于数学建模计算了每个受检人群的不适系数。</p> <p>结果。所进行的综合研究制定了一个组合指数，作为综合性不适系数。它可以定量评估功能指标的偏离程度，并揭示这些变化的区域特异性模式。对获得数据的分析揭示了所研究区域功能状态的一个清晰梯度：东北地区指数为100条件单位，其特征为显著的功能紧张状态；西北地区指数为73.05条件单位，表现出中度适应不良的迹象（紧张度升高并有向高强度发展的趋势）；俄罗斯中部地区指数值为零，对应最佳的生理状态。</p> <p>结论。开发的指数证实了其作为信息标记物的有效性，可用于不同领土功能紧张程度的比较评估，这为基于医学生物学制图对北部领土和北极进行区划奠定了科学基础。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>young males</kwd><kwd>Arctic</kwd><kwd>Far North</kwd><kwd>central belt of Russia</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd><kwd>discomfort coefficient</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>юноши</kwd><kwd>Арктика</kwd><kwd>Крайний Север</kwd><kwd>средняя полоса Российской Федерации</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>коэффициент дискомфортности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>男青年</kwd><kwd>北极</kwd><kwd>极北</kwd><kwd>俄罗斯联邦中部地区</kwd><kwd>适应</kwd><kwd>不适系数</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="zh">俄罗斯联邦政府</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>1025031800012-3-3.1.8</award-id></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by budgetary funding from the Arctic Research Center, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as part of the project “Comprehensive molecular genetic and morphofunctional determinants of adaptive rearrangements in the North” (Registration No. 1025031800012-3-3.1.8).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счёт бюджетного финансирования НИЦ «Арктика» ДВО РАН в рамках темы «Комплексные молекулярно-генетические и морфофункциональные детерминанты адаптационных перестроек в условиях Севера» (рег. номер 1025031800012-3-3.1.8).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="zh">This study was supported by budgetary funding from the Arctic Research Center, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as part of the project “Comprehensive molecular genetic and morphofunctional determinants of adaptive rearrangements in the North” (Registration No. 1025031800012-3-3.1.8).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Schulte PA, Chun H. 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