Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology)Экология человека1728-08692949-1444Eco-Vector70719310.17816/humeco707193REVIEWSОБЗОРЫUnknownThe Effect of Chemical Pollutants in Air and Soil on Oral Health: A ReviewВлияние химических веществ, загрязняющих атмосферный воздух и почву, на стоматологическое здоровье: обзор литературыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8913-984X9570-4676KirilkinGerman E.КирилкинГерман ЭдуардовичKirilkinGerman E.
Russian Federation

аспирант кафедры гигиены и медицинской экологии

germankirilkin@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8936-73247358-1674UnguryanuTatiana N.УнгурянуТатьяна НиколаевнаUnguryanuTatiana N.
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), PhD, Associate Professor

д-р мед. наук, PhD, доцент

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), PhD, Associate Professor

unguryanu_tn@mail.ruFederal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Nothern State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation»Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Северный государственный медицинский университет" Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииNorthern State Medical UniversityСеверный государственный медицинский университетNorthern State Medical University150920263360505202609062026Copyright ©; , Eco-VectorCopyright ©; , Эко-ВекторCopyright ©; , Eco-VectorEco-VectorЭко-ВекторEco-Vectorhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/article/view/707193

Oral health is a critical factor in human general health. The literature review examines the impact of environmental pollution on oral health, birth defects, and malignant neoplasms of the maxillofacial region (MFR). The research methodology is based on systematization and analysis of 23 English‑language scientific publications. It has been established that the main environmental factors affecting the health of the dentofacial system and MFR are heavy and rare‑earth metals, fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. The studies included in the review demonstrate a significant association between environmental factors and oral diseases. Caries development is associated with the presence of lead, mercury, and cadmium in the environment; gingivitis development is associated with nitrogen dioxide; periodontitis is linked to PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Oral clefts are associated with maternal exposure to arsenic, cadmium, lead, barium, thorium, neodymium, sulfur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, and PM<sub>2.5</sub>. There is an association between oral malignant neoplasms and exposure to cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, zinc, nickel, lead, and PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Further research is required to clarify the contribution of chemicals to the development of oral and MFR diseases, to study the mechanism of pollutants action on the human body, and to apply environmental risk assessment methodology to understand the development of oral diseases under exposure to environmental chemical pollutants.

Стоматологическое здоровье является важным фактором соматического здоровья человека. В обзоре литературы рассматривается влияние загрязнения окружающей среды на здоровье полости рта, врожденные пороки развития и злокачественные новообразования челюстно-лицевой области (ЧЛО). Методология исследования базируется на систематизации и анализе 23 англоязычных научных публикаций. Установлено, что основными факторами окружающей среды, влияющими на здоровье зубочелюстной системы и ЧЛО, являются тяжелые и редкоземельные металлы, мелкодисперсные взвешенные частицы PM2.5, диоксид серы и диоксид азота. Результаты исследований, включенных в обзор, показывают значимую связь факторов окружающей среды и стоматологических заболеваний. На развитие кариеса влияет содержание в окружающей среде свинца, ртути и кадмия, на развитие гингивита – диоксид азота, пародонтита – PM2.5, расщелины верхней губы и твердого неба связаны с воздействием на организм матери мышьяка, кадмия, свинца, бария, тория, неодима, диоксида серы, озона, оксида углерода и PM2.5. Онкологическая патология полости рта связана с экспозицией кадмия, кобальта, хрома, меди, цинка, никеля, свинца и PM2.5. Требуются дальнейшие исследования для уточнения вклада химических веществ в развитие заболеваний полости рта и ЧЛО, изучения механизма действия поллютантов на организм человека, использование методологии оценки риска развития стоматологических заболеваний при воздействии химических веществ, загрязняющих окружающую среду.

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