Effect of the mineral composition of sulfide raw materials on bioleaching of sulfide minerals

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Bioleaching of nickel-copper sulfide ore, 2 sulfide copper-nickel concentrates, and copper-zinc concentrate was studied. It was shown that specific rates of nickel leaching were similar in experiments with all studied raw materials. It was 59.3, 58.7, and 54.4 mg/(g·d) in the case of the ore, concentrate 1, and concentrate 2, respectively. Specific rate of zinc leaching from copper-zinc concentrate was 248.6 mg/(g·d). Copper extraction level reached 98.5%, while its content decreased from 7.4% (in the concentrate) to 0.21% (leaching residue). Specific copper leaching rate (7.3–14.8 mg/(g·d)) was lower than those of nickel and zinc. In contrast to nickel and zinc, copper content in bioleaching residue increased in comparison to the concentrate: in the case of copper-nickel concentrates it increased from 15.1 to 17.8% (concentrate 1) and from 19.1 to 19.7% (concentrate 2), while in the case of copper-zinc concentrate, it increased from 10.1 to 16.1%. Thus, bioleaching of all studied concentrates made it possible to obtain copper concentrates with comparatively high copper content (16–19%), which can be commercial products for pyrometallurgy. A comparative analysis of the leaching processes of the selected raw materials will allow to assess the prospects of using the approach under study for processing concentrates and ores of various compositions and with different ratios of non-ferrous metal minerals.

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A. Bulaev

Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: bulaev.inmi@yandex.ru

Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow, 119071

M. Muravyov

Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: bulaev.inmi@yandex.ru

Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow, 119071

V. Melamud

Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: bulaev.inmi@yandex.ru

Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow, 119071

N. Fomchenko

Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: bulaev.inmi@yandex.ru

Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow, 119071

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2. Fig. 1. Dynamics of changes in the concentration (mg/l) of nickel and copper and the rate of their leaching (mg/(l day)) during bioleaching of nickel-copper ore and a solid phase density of 1% (a) and 10% (b). 1 — nickel concentration; 2 — copper concentration; 3 — nickel leaching rate; 4 — copper leaching rate.

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3. Fig. 2. Specific bioleaching rate of nickel (1, 3) and copper (2, 4) from nickel-copper ore at its density in the bioreactor of 1 (1, 2) and 10 (3, 4)%. The numbers above the columns indicate the values of the rates mg/(l day).

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4. Fig. 3. Dynamics of changes in concentration (mg/l) of nickel and copper and the rate (mg/(l day)) of their leaching during bioleaching of copper-nickel concentrates 1 (a) and 2 (b). 1 — nickel concentration; 2 — copper concentration; 3 — nickel leaching rate; 4 — copper leaching rate.

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5. Fig. 4. Specific bioleaching rate (mg/(l day)) of nickel (1, 3) and copper (3, 4) from nickel-copper concentrates 1 (1, 3) and 2 (2, 4). Numbers above the columns indicate the rate values (mg/(l day)).

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6. Fig. 5. Dynamics of changes in the concentration (mg/l) of zinc and copper and the rate (mg/(l day)) of their leaching during bioleaching of copper-zinc concentrate. 1 — zinc concentration; 2 — copper concentration; 3 — zinc leaching rate; 4 — copper leaching rate.

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7. Fig. 6. Specific bioleaching rate (mg/(l day)) of zinc for 4 (1) days and copper for 4 (2) and 15 (3) days from copper-zinc concentrate. The numbers above the columns indicate the values of the rates mg/(l day).

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