Estrogen Receptor and the Gender Bias in Raynaud’s Phenomenon


Cite item

Full Text

About the authors

Manal Fardoun

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Firas Kobeissy

Department of Neurobiology and Neuroscience, Morehouse School of Medicine

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Ali Eid

Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net

References

  1. Charkoudian, N. Mechanisms and modifiers of reflex induced cutaneous vasodilation and vasoconstriction in humans. J. Appl. Physiol., 2010, 109(4), 1221-1228.
  2. Vanhoutte, P.M. Handbook of Physiology; Bohr, D.F., Ed.; The American Physiological Society: Washington, D.C., 1980, Section 2: Circulation: Volume II: Vascular Smooth Muscle, pp. 443-474.
  3. Wigley, F.M.; Flavahan, N.A. Raynaud’s phenomenon. N. Engl. J. Med., 2016, 375(6), 556-565. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1507638 PMID: 27509103
  4. Herrick, A.L. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of Raynaud phenomenon. Nat. Rev. Rheumatol., 2012, 8(8), 469-479. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2012.96 PMID: 22782008
  5. Fardoun, M.M.; Nassif, J.; Issa, K.; Baydoun, E.; Eid, A.H. Raynaud’s phenomenon: A brief review of the underlying mechanisms. Front. Pharmacol., 2016, 7, 438. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00438 PMID: 27899893
  6. Block, J.A.; Sequeira, W. Raynaud’s phenomenon. Lancet, 2001, 357(9273), 2042-2048. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)05118-7 PMID: 11438158
  7. Roustit, M.; Khouri, C.; Blaise, S.; Villier, C.; Carpentier, P.; Cracowski, J.L. Pharmacology of Raynaud’s phenomenon. Therapie, 2014, 69(2), 115-128. doi: 10.2515/therapie/2013068 PMID: 24926630
  8. Prete, M.; Fatone, M.C.; Favoino, E.; Perosa, F. Raynaud’s phenomenon: From molecular pathogenesis to therapy. Autoimmun. Rev., 2014, 13(6), 655-667. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.12.001 PMID: 24418302
  9. Maverakis, E.; Patel, F.; Kronenberg, D.G.; Chung, L.; Fiorentino, D.; Allanore, Y.; Guiducci, S.; Hesselstrand, R.; Hummers, L.K.; Duong, C.; Kahaleh, B.; Macgregor, A.; Matucci-Cerinic, M.; Wollheim, F.A.; Mayes, M.D.; Gershwin, M.E. International consensus criteria for the diagnosis of Raynaud’s phenomenon. J. Autoimmun., 2014, 48-49, 60-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2014.01.020 PMID: 24491823
  10. Wigley, F.M. Raynaud’s phenomenon. N. Engl. J. Med., 2002, 347(13), 1001-1008. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp013013 PMID: 12324557
  11. Easter, M.J.; Marshall, J.M. Contribution of prostanoids to endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in the digital circulation of women with primary Raynaud’s disease. Clin. Sci., 2005, 109(1), 45-54. doi: 10.1042/CS20040262 PMID: 15769250
  12. McCance, K.L.; Huether, S.E. Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 2013.
  13. Freedman, R.R.; Sabharwal, S.C.; Moten, M.; Migály, P. Local temperature modulates alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenergic vasoconstriction in men. Am. J. Physiol., 1992, 263(4 Pt 2), H1197-H1200. PMID: 1329562
  14. Polónia, J.J.; Paiva, M.Q.; Guimarāes, S. Pharmacological characterization of postsynaptic α-adrenoceptor subtypes in five different dog arteries in-vitro. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 2011, 37(3), 205-208. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1985.tb05043.x PMID: 2858570
  15. Freedman, R.R.; Moten, M.; Migály, P.; Mayes, M. Cold-induced potentiation of α2-adrenergic vasoconstriction in primary Raynaud’s disease. Arthritis Rheum., 1993, 36(5), 685-690. doi: 10.1002/art.1780360517 PMID: 8387786
  16. Eid, A.H.; Chotani, M.A.; Mitra, S.; Miller, T.J.; Flavahan, N.A. Cyclic AMP acts through Rap1 and JNK signaling to increase expression of cutaneous smooth muscle α 2C -adrenoceptors. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 2008, 295(1), H266-H272. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00084.2008 PMID: 18487435
  17. Bailey, S.R.; Eid, A.H.; Mitra, S.; Flavahan, S.; Flavahan, N.A. Rho kinase mediates cold-induced constriction of cutaneous arteries: role of alpha2C-adrenoceptor translocation. Circ. Res., 2004, 94(10), 1367-1374. doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000128407.45014.58 PMID: 15087420
  18. Jeyaraj, S.C.; Chotani, M.A.; Mitra, S.; Gregg, H.E.; Flavahan, N.A.; Morrison, K.J. Cooling evokes redistribution of alpha2C-adrenoceptors from Golgi to plasma membrane in transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Mol. Pharmacol., 2001, 60(6), 1195-1200. doi: 10.1124/mol.60.6.1195 PMID: 11723226
  19. Garner, R.; Kumari, R.; Lanyon, P.; Doherty, M.; Zhang, W. Prevalence, risk factors and associations of primary Raynaud’s phenomenon: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. BMJ Open, 2015, 5(3), e006389. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006389 PMID: 25776043
  20. Mustafa, M.; Alsulaimani, H.; Alhaddad, A.; Almujil, S.; Albar, Z.; Bawazir, Y.; Alsolaimani, R.; Omair, M.A. Prevalence of Raynaud’s phenomenon in Saudi Arabia. Open Access Rheumatol., 2022, 14, 17-24. doi: 10.2147/OARRR.S352655 PMID: 35299881
  21. Voulgari, P.V.; Alamanos, Y.; Papazisi, D.; Christou, K.; Papanikolaou, C.; Drosos, A.A. Prevalence of Raynaud’s phenomenon in a healthy Greek population. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 2000, 59(3), 206-210. doi: 10.1136/ard.59.3.206 PMID: 10700429
  22. Wehbe, Z.; Nasser, S.A.; El-Yazbi, A.; Nasreddine, S.; Eid, A.H. Estrogen and bisphenol A in hypertension. Curr. Hypertens. Rep., 2020, 22(3), 23. doi: 10.1007/s11906-020-1022-z PMID: 32114652
  23. Fardoun, M.; Dehaini, H.; Shaito, A.; Mesmar, J.; El-Yazbi, A.; Badran, A.; Beydoun, E.; Eid, A.H. The hypertensive potential of estrogen: An untold story. Vascul. Pharmacol., 2020, 124, 106600. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2019.106600 PMID: 31629918
  24. Dehaini, H.; Fardoun, M.; Abou-Saleh, H.; El-Yazbi, A.; Eid, A.A.; Eid, A.H. Estrogen in vascular smooth muscle cells: A friend or a foe? Vascul. Pharmacol., 2018, 111, 15-21. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.09.001 PMID: 30227233
  25. Eid, A.H.; Maiti, K.; Mitra, S.; Chotani, M.A.; Flavahan, S.; Bailey, S.R.; Thompson-Torgerson, C.S.; Flavahan, N.A. Estrogen increases smooth muscle expression of α 2C -adrenoceptors and cold-induced constriction of cutaneous arteries. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 2007, 293(3), H1955-H1961. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00306.2007 PMID: 17644575
  26. Greenstein, D.; Jeffcote, N.; Ilsley, D.; Kester, R.C. The menstrual cycle and Raynaud’s phenomenon. Angiology, 1996, 47(5), 427-436. doi: 10.1177/000331979604700501 PMID: 8644939
  27. Mayes, M.D. Epidemiologic studies of environmental agents and systemic autoimmune diseases. Environ. Health Perspect., 1999, 107(Suppl. 5), 743-748. doi: 10.1289/ehp.99107s5743 PMID: 10502540
  28. Fraenkel, L.; Zhang, Y.; Chaisson, C.E.; Evans, S.R.; Wilson, P.W.; Felson, D.T. The association of estrogen replacement therapy and the Raynaud phenomenon in postmenopausal women. Ann. Intern. Med., 1998, 129(3), 208-211. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-129-3-199808010-00009 PMID: 9696729
  29. Chan, N.N.; MacAllister, R.J.; Colhoun, H.M.; Vallance, P.; Hingorani, A.D. Changes in endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and alpha-adrenergic responses in resistance vessels during the menstrual cycle in healthy women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 2001, 86(6), 2499-2504. PMID: 11397846
  30. Li, T.; Xiao, X.; Zhang, J.; Zhu, Y.; Hu, Y.; Zang, J.; Lu, K.; Yang, T.; Ge, H.; Peng, X.; Lan, D.; Liu, L. Age and sex differences in vascular responsiveness in healthy and trauma patients: contribution of estrogen receptor-mediated Rho kinase and PKC pathways. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol., 2014, 306(8), H1105-H1115. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00645.2013 PMID: 24531808
  31. Charkoudian, N.; Stachenfeld, N. Sex hormone effects on autonomic mechanisms of thermoregulation in humans. Auton. Neurosci., 2016, 196, 75-80. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2015.11.004 PMID: 26674572
  32. Fardoun, M.M.; Issa, K.; Maaliki, D.; Nasser, S.A.; Baydoun, E.; Eid, A.H. Estrogen increases expression of vascular alpha 2C adrenoceptor through the cAMP/Epac/JNK/AP-1 pathway and potentiates cold-induced vasoconstriction. Vascul. Pharmacol., 2020, 131, 106690. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2020.106690 PMID: 32407896
  33. McNeill, A.M.C.; Leslie, F.M.; Krause, D.N.; Duckles, S.P. Gender difference in levels of α2-adrenoceptor mRNA in the rat tail artery. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 1999, 366(2-3), 233-236. doi: 10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00948-0 PMID: 10082204
  34. Serizawa, I.; Iwasaki, N.; Ishida, H.; Saito, S.; Ishikawa, T. G-protein coupled estrogen receptor-mediated non-genomic facilitatory effect of estrogen on cooling-induced reduction of skin blood flow in mice. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2017, 797, 26-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.01.013 PMID: 28089920
  35. Fardoun, M.; Mondello, S.; Kobeissy, F.; Eid, A.H. G protein estrogen receptor as a potential therapeutic target in Raynaud’s phenomenon. Front. Pharmacol., 2022, 13, 1061374. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1061374 PMID: 36438809
  36. Shaito, A.; Aramouni, K.; Assaf, R.; Parenti, A.; Orekhov, A.; Yazbi, A.E.; Pintus, G.; Eid, A.H. Oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases. Front. Biosci.-Landmark, 2022, 27(3), 0105. doi: 10.31083/j.fbl2703105 PMID: 35345337
  37. Ismail, H.; Shakkour, Z.; Tabet, M.; Abdelhady, S.; Kobaisi, A.; Abedi, R.; Nasrallah, L.; Pintus, G.; Al-Dhaheri, Y.; Mondello, S.; El-Khoury, R.; Eid, A.H.; Kobeissy, F.; Salameh, J. Traumatic brain injury: Oxidative stress and novel anti-oxidants such as mitoquinone and edaravone. Antioxidants, 2020, 9(10), 943. doi: 10.3390/antiox9100943 PMID: 33019512
  38. Thuan, D.T.B.; Zayed, H.; Eid, A.H.; Abou-Saleh, H.; Nasrallah, G.K.; Mangoni, A.A.; Pintus, G. A potential link between oxidative stress and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in systemic sclerosis. Front. Immunol., 2018, 9, 1985. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01985 PMID: 30283435
  39. Hamze, K.; Abdallah, R.H.; Younis, N.K.; Fardoun, M.; Darwiche, N.; Kobeissy, F.; Iratni, R.; Bouhadir, K.; Eid, A.H. 2-nucleobase-substituted 4,6-diaminotriazine analogs: Synthesis and anti-cancer activity in 5-fluorouracil-sensitive and resistant colorectal cancer cells. Curr. Med. Chem., 2022. PMID: 36111761
  40. AlKahlout, A.; Fardoun, M.; Mesmar, J.; Abdallah, R.; Badran, A.; Nasser, S.A.; Baydoun, S.; Kobeissy, F.; Shaito, A.; Iratni, R.; Muhammad, K.; Baydoun, E.; Eid, A.H. Origanum syriacum L. attenuates the malignant phenotype of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. Front. Oncol., 2022, 12, 922196. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.922196 PMID: 35847867
  41. Al Attar, A.A.; Fahed, G.I.; Hoballah, M.M.; Pedersen, S.; El-Yazbi, A.F.; Nasser, S.A.; Bitto, A.; Orekhov, A.N.; Eid, A.H. Mechanisms underlying the effects of caloric restriction on hypertension. Biochem. Pharmacol., 2022, 200, 115035. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115035 PMID: 35427570
  42. Slika, H.; Mansour, H.; Wehbe, N.; Nasser, S.A.; Iratni, R.; Nasrallah, G.; Shaito, A.; Ghaddar, T.; Kobeissy, F.; Eid, A.H. Therapeutic potential of flavonoids in cancer: ROS-mediated mechanisms. Biomed. Pharmacother., 2022, 146, 112442. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112442 PMID: 35062053
  43. Mesmar, J.; Fardoun, M.M.; Abdallah, R.; Al Dhaheri, Y.; Yassine, H.M.; Iratni, R.; Badran, A.; Eid, A.H.; Baydoun, E. Ziziphus nummularia attenuates the malignant phenotype of human pancreatic cancer cells: Role of ROS. Molecules, 2021, 26(14), 4295. doi: 10.3390/molecules26144295 PMID: 34299570
  44. Fardoun, M.; Al-Shehabi, T.; El-Yazbi, A.; Issa, K.; Zouein, F.; Maaliki, D.; Iratni, R.; Eid, A.H. Ziziphus nummularia inhibits inflammation-induced atherogenic phenotype of human aortic smooth muscle cells. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev., 2017, 2017, 1-10. doi: 10.1155/2017/4134093 PMID: 28593025
  45. White, R.E.; Gerrity, R.; Barman, S.A.; Han, G. Estrogen and oxidative stress: A novel mechanism that may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease in women. Steroids, 2010, 75(11), 788-793. doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2009.12.007 PMID: 20060403
  46. Landry, G.J. Current medical and surgical management of Raynaud’s syndrome. J. Vasc. Surg., 2013, 57(6), 1710-1716. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2013.03.012 PMID: 23618525
  47. El-Hachem, N.; Fardoun, M.M.; Slika, H.; Baydoun, E.; Eid, A.H. Repurposing cilostazol for Raynaud’s phenomenon. Curr. Med. Chem., 2021, 28(12), 2409-2417. doi: 10.2174/0929867327666200903114154 PMID: 32881655

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML

Copyright (c) 2024 Bentham Science Publishers