On the influence of chirality of the structure of auxetic metamaterials on the resistance to impact penetration

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Abstract

The properties of metamaterials with negative Poisson’s ratio (with an auxetic structure based on a cell in the form of a concave hexagon) to resist penetration by a rigid spherical striker along the normal were experimentally studied. Using a 3D printer, samples of the same mass with a chiral and non-chiral structure were made from flexible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU 95A plastic) and rigid e-PLA plastic, which were compared by the ability to reduce the kinetic energy of strikers at a speed of about 190 m /s. It was found that the chirality of the sample structure (for both TPU and PLA plastics) leads to an increase in their protective properties. However, when the sample structure was rotated by 90 degrees, the samples without chirality showed the best resistance to penetration. Based on the results of a series of experiments with TPU and PLA samples, the most effective in terms of resistance to penetration by a striker were auxetics made of thermoplastic polyurethane, with a non-chiral structure turned by 90 degrees.

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About the authors

S. Yu. Ivanova

Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS

Email: lisovenk@ipmnet.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

К. Yu. Osipenko

Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS

Email: lisovenk@ipmnet.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

N. V. Banichuk

Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS

Email: lisovenk@ipmnet.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

D. S. Lisovenko

Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS

Author for correspondence.
Email: lisovenk@ipmnet.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Auxetic chiral sample: (a) 3D printed sample made of e-PLA plastic; (b) 3D model: S = 6 mm, L = 3 mm, h = 0.4 mm, r = 0.8 mm.

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3. Fig. 2. Auxetic sample without chirality: (a) 3D printed sample made of e-PLA plastic; (b) 3D model: L = 3 mm, h = 0.5 mm, γ = 60°.

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4. Fig. 3. Dependence of the relative loss of kinetic energy d of the impactor on the mass m of chiral and non-chiral samples made of e-PLA and TPU 95A for the entry velocity of ∼190 m/s: 1 – e-PLA auxetic with chirality; 2 – e-PLA auxetic without chirality; 3 – TPU 95A auxetic with chirality; 4 – TPU 95A auxetic without chirality.

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5. Fig. 4. Auxetic samples with a 90° structure rotation: (a) chiral sample made of TPU 95A plastic; (b) sample made of TPU 95A plastic without chirality.

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6. Fig. 5. Dependence of the relative loss of kinetic energy d of the impactor on the mass m of TPU 95A and e-PLA samples with a 90° structure rotation for an entry velocity of ∼ 190 m/s: 1 – e-PLA auxetic with chirality; 2 – e-PLA auxetic without chirality; 3 – TPU 95A auxetic with chirality; 4 – TPU 95A auxetic without chirality.

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7. Fig. 6. Dependence of the relative loss of kinetic energy d of the striker on the mass m of auxetic samples of TPU 95A and e-PLA for an entry velocity of ∼ 190 m/s: 1 – e-PLA with chirality and a 90° rotation; 2 – e-PLA without chirality and rotation; 3 – TPU 95A with chirality without rotation; 4 – TPU 95A without chirality with a 90° rotation.

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