Vol 21, No 7 (2014)

Определены значения субъективных оценок показателей качества жизни 149 студентов (118 девушек и 31 юноша) Тверского медицинского колледжа. Качество жизни оценивали с помощью русскоязычной версии международного стандартизированного опросника SF-36. Выявлены наиболее высокие средние значения субъективной оценки показателя физического функционирования - (91,2 ± 1,7) балла у юношей и (86,2 ± 1,7) у девушек и наиболее низкие значения показателя жизненной активности - (64,8 ± 3,80) и (56,2 ± 1,8) балла у юношей и девушек соответственно. Качество жизни у юношей было значимо выше, чем у девушек, по следующим шкалам: жизненная активность (p = 0,015), ролевое функционирование, обусловленное эмоциональным состоянием (p = 0,005) и психическое (ментальное) здоровье (p = 0,007). Анализ корреляций показал, что у девушек социальное функционирование статистически значимо регламентируется всеми показателями физического и психического компонентов здоровья качества жизни.

In the article, there has been proved attribution of terrorism to polymodal dependent disorder. There has been singled out a new syndrome of crowding-terrorism (Engl. crowd) as a mass variant of sadistic aggression and vandalism. In development of pandemias of terrorism, there has been explained isolation of three donosological fractals: predisposition - mobbingogenic family; latent - bullyingogenic dispositions; initial - mass crowding; and three nosological ones: onset - social epidemy of terrorism; chronization - destructive social epidemy of terrorism; outcome - pandemia of terrorism and terminal complications.

Interinstitute Laboratory of Comparative Ecological Physiological Research, I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Research Centre “Arktika", Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, St-Petersburg, Russia The compensatory role of the cardiovascular system during hypoxic hypoxia has been considered in the paper. It has been shown that cardiac output during acute hypoxic hypoxia (FiO 2 = 0.14 - 0.08) increased relatively little - not more than 20 % compared to the background level. Tissue oxygen delivery (DO 2) decreased under the background level already at small degrees of hypoxia. This DO 2 deficit increased as hypoxia intensified. On the basis of the analysis of mechanisms of oxygen delivery to tissues - delivery in capillaries, division of oxygen flows between tissues and the venous bed, formation of intracapillary and tissue oxygen tension, we have made a conclusion that the compensatory role of the cardiovascular system during hypoxia was not in support of DO 2, but in limitation of capillary hypoxemia and tissue hypoxia. This mechanism during hypoxic hypoxia did not restore capillary oxygen tension, and for this reason it was only supplementary to the tissue mechanism, which compensated hypoxia. It has been suggested that the term “tissue oxygen delivery speed (DO 2)” should be substituted by a more accurate one - “capillary oxygen delivery speed”.

The monthly incidence of acute bronchitis, acute pneumonia and acute otitis media in orphanages’ children (192 children from 0 to 5 years old living under conditions of combined effects of anthropogenic stress and iodine deficiency) has been compared before and after immunization with pneumococcal vaccine to unvaccinated children, and according to 10-year statistical reports - to urban children of the same age groups constantly living in families. During 18 months of observation in two orphanages in babies groups (0-2 y. o.) immunized with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, reduced incidence of acute respiratory diseases, acute bronchitis, decreased incidence of acute pneumonia and otitis media was noted. We have concluded that immunization against pneumococcus promoted the babies and children’s resistance.

This article has presented the results of the research aimed at studying the factors influencing a student’s choices of a job as a doctor, a medical institution and a doctor’s specialty during studies at the institution. The article has given a wide range of objective and subjective external and internal factors of a professional choice. It has been established that at the modern stage, subjective external factors, such as pedagogical competence of teaching staff of clinical departments in the sphere of pedagogical technologies studying conditions at clinical departments and teachers’ attitude to the problem of a professional choice dominated in the students’ choice of a “doctor” profession.