Vol 25, No 8 (2018)

The aim of the work is to study the dynamics and structure of morbidity among children (under 14 years), adults (over 18 years) and the possible impact of concentrations of motor transport emissions on the morbidity of people living in the study area of Tyumen city, as well as the assessment of carcinogenic risks from inhalation of chemicals in ambient air from road transport. Methods. Field observations of average annual concentrations of emissions (carbon oxide (II), nitrogen dioxide, soot, suspended solids, formaldehyde, lead) were taken from highways with traffic volume 3000 vehicles/hour of the Kalinin district of Tyumen city, the principle of operation of devices - electrochemical. The measurements were carried out during 6 years in autumn-winter and spring-summer periods, 4 times a day. Priority substances, constituting more than 90 % contribution to total mass emissions of the area were selected for the analysis. The results of correlation analysis of the influence of air quality on the morbidity of children and adults in the area was carried out and the values of the total carcinogenic risk (4,872-10-1 for adults, 1,796 for children under 14 years) and non - carcinogenic risk (23,28 for carbon oxide (II)) were calculated. A strong relationship was established between the annual concentrations of vehicle emissions and respiratory diseases (children r = 0,894; p = 0,04; adults r = 0,920; p = 0,027) and neoplasms (children r = 0,970; p = 0,006; adults r = 0,921; p = 0,026). Most of all, 51 % of the total index of danger are diseases associated with the respiratory system, 48,9 % - diseases of the cardiovascular system, the rest fall on the Central nervous system and eye diseases and its subordinate apparatus. Conclusion: The risk of respiratory diseases and diseases of the cardiovascular system is extremely high in Kalinin district of Tyumen city and urgent measures are needed for its reduction. The risk of development of diseases of the Central nervous system is minimal.

The aim of the study is to reveal the influence of psychosocial factors, which are known under the umbrella notion "perestroika (rearrangement) of the Russian society" in modern science on personal characteristics of young people and to give the quantitative assessment of this influence. First of all, we have assessed the dynamics of self-actualization values as a crucial factor in the formation of personalities in youth days. Methods: the E. Shostrom's Personal Orientation Inventory (the POI) and R. Cattell's Personality Factor Questionnaire (the 16-PF). We have compared two groups of subjects: the second year medical students born in 1973 (n = 88, the "pre-perestroika generation") and in 1997 (n = 140, the "post-perestroika generation"). Results. We have revealed that the indices of accepting self-actualization values (the SAV scale of the POI test), empathy to the feelings and needs of other people (the Fr POI scale), freedom in spontaneous responding (the S POI scale) as well as some other indices were significantly higher in the "post-perestroika generation". The number of correlations between the SAV scale of the POI test and the scales of R. Cattell's Personal Questionnaire has doubled. However, we have found the signs of soft maladaptation in the problems of time relationships (the Ti/Tc POI). Conclusions. The values of personal self-actualization in the "post-perestroika generation" have strengthened its strategic role and became more "ecological" with respect to personality (more accelerated in the structure of personality traits). Assurance degradation in the experience of the whole time perspective as well as impairment in ability to accept one's points of weakness have become a kind of payment of for these changes (the Sa POI scale). Overall, we have revealed the positive influence of the "perestroika" processes in the Russian society on the formation of young people's personality.

The aim: to establish the causes of neutropenia formation in almost healthy people living in the North. Methods. The research was conducted with respect for the main standards of biomedical ethics. For performance of a goal two groups of the examined persons were allocated: with a neutropenia (<2,0 x 109 Cells/l) and with the physiological level of neutrophils in a peripheral blood (2,5-5,0 x 109 Cells /l). In the blood smears painted according to Romanovsky-Gimza leukogram, neutrogram, monocytogram, lymphocytogram and phagocytic activity of neutrocytes were studied. Determination of cytokine concentrations of interferon-gamma (IFN-y) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in serum was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Normality testing of quantitative indicators distribution was carried out using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The reliability of the differences between the groups was assessed using the Student's t-test and using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney method. Results. In the examined people, the frequency of neutropenia recording is 12,98 ± 0,27 %. It has been established that apoptosis of circulating neutrophils did not play a major role in the formation of neutropenia in the inhabitants of northern territories. With neutropenia, the content of segmented neutrophils is reduced, the frequency of detecting a shift to the left is higher (41,18 ± 3,75 versus 28,09 ± 0,84 %). In parallel with neutropenia, the monocyte and lymphocyte content decreases against the background of increased concentrations of IFN-y and G-CSF. Conclusions. Neutropenia in the inhabitants of northern territories is a consequence of increased activity of migration processes of blood cells. Reduction of the neutrophilic granulocyte content in the peripheral blood initiates the activation of neutrophil proliferation and their antibody-dependent cytotoxicity.

The paper presents basic principles of using R software for visualization of biomedical research data. Basic types of graphs and algorithms for graph creation are presented. Specification of using different graph types in implementation of different data types is described.