Health in children during schooling

Introduction. The basis of preventive activities in pediatrics is medical examination, based on active dynamic monitoring of sick and healthy children. An important part of medical examination is preventive examinations, which are carried out with the aim of timely detection of deviations in the health status in children and the management of necessary treatment, preventive and health measures.

Purpose of the study: based on the results of a dynamic 10-year observation, present the data on the health status of a single cohort of schoolchildren to update the main preventive areas for children’s practice over schooling process.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of a study of the health status of four hundred thirty seven schoolchildren at different stages of schooling (before entering school, at the end of first grade, during the transition to subject education and at the end of school education), according to a single protocol, on one sample and a single methodology with sequential multiple registration of selected indices of the health status in schoolchildren and annual analysis over a period of 10 years.

Results. An analysis of the distribution of those examined cases by membership in health groups clearly demonstrated a decrease in the number of children in health groups I and II and an increase in schoolchildren in health groups III and IV. A dynamic assessment of diagnosed pathological conditions in their compliance with a certain ICD-10 class over a 10-year observation period revealed an increase in the proportion of schoolchildren suffering from diseases of the musculoskeletal system, the organ of vision, cardio- and endocrinopathies.

Research limitations.The study has regional (Krasnoyarsk Territory) limitations and concerns 6 to 17 year children.

Conclusion. The data obtained established the possibilities of early diagnosis in risk groups, and preventive measures aimed at developing healthy lifestyle skills in schoolchildren and their parents within the framework of priority national projects in Russia.

Compliance with ethical standards. The conducted studies complied with the ethical standards of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Association “Ethical Principles for Conducting Medical Research Involving Human Subjects” with the amendments of 2000 and the “Rules of Clinical Practice in the Russian Federation” approved by Order No. 266 of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated 19.06.2003, which was confirmed by the bioethics committee of the Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University.

Contribution of the authors:
Taranushenko T.E. — the concept and design of the study, writing the text, statistical data processing;
Tepper E.A. — collection and processing of material. writing a text, compiling a list of references, statistical data processing.
All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Received: April 11, 2023 / Revised: October 31, 2023 / Accepted: December 20, 2023 / Published: August 29, 2024