Vol 19, No 5 (2012)
- Year: 2012
- Articles: 10
- URL: https://hum-ecol.ru/1728-0869/issue/view/1056
Articles
CLIMATIC-GEOPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF KOLA ARCTIC REGION
Abstract
An analysis of literature data on climatic-geophysical factors of the Kola Arctic region has been conducted. A combination of fluctuations of temperature, atmospheric pressure, high relative and low absolute air humidity, severe wind regime, significant changes of solar activity, peculiarities of behavior of magnetic fields and atmospheric electricity, photic aperiodicity and pronounced UV-deficit provide a special structure of the region. In total of climatic characteristics and taking into account the general biological effect of the indicated factors, their combinations and degrees of pronouncement, these territories on the whole can be referred to the zone of uncomfortable regions with elements of pronounced extremeness of the number of parameters, which make raised demands to the human body functional systems complicating labor, everyday life and rest of people living here.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(5):3-7
3-7
ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS OF RESPIRATORY PATHOLOGY IN FAR NORTH NICKEL INDUSTRY WORKERS
Abstract
It is known that development of health problems is caused by a combination of genetic, behavioral, environmental and occupational factors. The aim of the study was to identify and quantify the importance of production and non-production risk factors for chronic bronchopulmonary diseases (CBPD) in 1 530 employees of the nickel industry in the Kola North. The study of the structure and prevalence of CBPD showed that the risk of their development was higher in the employees of the electrolysis shop as compared to the workers of the auxiliary shops (RR = 1.81). In the former group of the employees, the highest risk for chronic bronchitis (CB) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was found in the electrolysis workers (RR = 1.54). In both groups of the workers, the most significant risk factors in the CB and COPD were exposure to tobacco smoke (RR = 2.42-1 1.73) and harmful production impacts (RR = 2.05-13.22). The risk of the developing CB and COPD was also increased by misuse of alcohol (OR = 1.59-2.32) and low physical activity (RR = 1.61-1.97). Causal risk factors for toxic fibrosis were different — age of an employee over 40 years (RR = 6.75) and overweight (OR = 4.44). No risk factors for asthma have been found within the scope of the studied causes. It has been concluded that in determination of the degree of the CBPD development risks in the nickel industry workers, a combination of production and non-production impacts should be taken into consideration. Only improvement of working conditions is not enough to reduce the CBPD risk. The task also requires influence of modifiable non-work related adverse factors, with tobacco smoking being the most important of them.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(5):8-13
8-13
IMPACT OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES ON HEALTHY WAY OF LIFE OF YOUNGER GENERATION
Abstract
Impact of modern information technologies risk factors on health of Severodvinsk’s adolescents has been studied. A large part of the young people had complaints about computers’ impact. Boys were at the greater risk of pathology of the musculoskeletal system. Organization of an educational process has been shown as a factor contributing to reduction of information technologies’ harmful effects.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(5):14-19
14-19
TRANSFORMATION OF VISUAL-MOTOR ACTIVITY STRUCTURE IN CHILDREN WITH HIGH ANXIETY
Abstract
In the article, there have been presented the results of the correlation and factor analysis of indicators of visual-motor activity in 230 children aged 8-10 years with the normal (144 persons) and high (86 persons) levels of anxiety. It has been established that high anxiety affected negatively the process of voluntary attention and the link of regulation and control of the senso-motor reactions course, it lead to impairment of visual-motor activity’s qualitative characteristics. Keywords: children, anxiety, visual-motor activity
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(5):20-24
20-24
SELF-REGULATION VEGETATIVE CORRELATES OF COMPREHENSION FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMS
Abstract
Self-regulation was regarded as a system reflecting in its properties the processes occurring in the action results ac ceptor and prone to the regulatory influences of the vegetative nervous system. The aim of the research: revealing of an interrelationship of the vegetative nervous system activation with the self-regulation properties of the information comprehension systems. We have investigated 122 volunteers (88 women and 34 men), aged 18-26 years, having no complaints of their health. The methods used: cardiointervalography and the techniques of evaluation of the sound signal length and spatio-temporal parameters comprehension. The results of the research have demonstrated that the minimal activation and parasympathetics provide the sensitivity to feedback, the medium activation provides high accuracy, style and flexibility of self-regulation. The maximal tension of regulatory systems stipulated the ability to learn and the general plasticity. It has been established that each feature of self-regulation and the processes in the action results acceptor were provided by their intrinsic level of the CNS vegetative activation, they were subject to unequal influences of the dominating motivation, and possessed a similar optimal level of power supply in different functional comprehension systems.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(5):25-31
25-31
VALIDITY ASSESSMENT OF PROBLEMS OF FAMILY AND SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN MILITARY MEN
Abstract
The purpose of the study was assessment of the socio-sexual status of military men. We have proposed and used an integrated assessment of the socio-sexual status, followed by a descriptive cross-sectional (one-time) study. The sample has been formed on the basis of a combination of proportional, typological and random selection: 6 typical military units have been selected. 2 independent groups have been studied - the first (174 men) and the second (94) groups. To compare the quality of data, the Yates’s chi-squared test was used. The study results: 17.2 (11.0; 23,4) % of the men and 28.3 (18.0; 38.6) % of the women had problems of family and sexual violence. 12.1 (6.6; 17.5) % of the men and 26.7 (16.6; 36.8) % of the women (p = 0.008) suffered from the genital sphere diseases, while only 2.7 (0.1; 5.7) % of the men and 13.3 (5.3; 21.3) % of the women (p < 0.001) turned to physicians 27.6 (20.3; 34.8) % of the men and from 21.7 (12.2; 31.2) % to 51.7 (40.4; 63.0) % of the women had signs of sexual dysfunction. The proposed method allows to identify the problems’ complex nature and is a basis for monitoring of the socio-sexual status, which helps to improve delivery of sexological care to military men.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(5):32-35
32-35
CORRECTION OF DISORDERS OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS IN SPECIALISTS OF HAZARDOUS OCCUPATIONS BY WAY OF ASSOCIATED USE OF VARIOUS MODAL FACTORS
Abstract
48 specialists of hazardous occupations rehabilitated in connection with progress of psychogenic nonpathologic neurotic manifestations have been examined. In the main group (28 men), combinations of physical factors (thermal procedures, vibromassage, aromatherapy, colorrhythmther-apy, music therapy) were used. The total number of daily 25-35-minute sessions was 12-14. In the comparison group (20 men), traditional physiotherapeutic procedures were administered. The rehabilitation period was of the same length in both groups, but the total length of used physiotherapeutic procedures in the comparison group was three times as much. It has been established that for persons with signs of psychogenic nonpathologic neurotic manifestations, different disorders of psychophysiological mechanisms were characteristic. Administration of correction programs with use of combinations of physical factors was accompanied by high speed and accuracy of senso-motor reactions (р = 0.002), sensor systems’ lability (р = 0.037), improvement of nervous processes balance (р = 0.011), physical actions co-ordination (р = 0.006).
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(5):36-40
36-40
ROLE OF HEMOSTATIC DISORDERS IN PNEUMONIA PROGRESS IN ACUTE PERIOD OF BURN DISEASE
Abstract
Pneumonia is not only the most frequent complication of burn patients, but also one of the leading causes of deaths as a result of this pathology. We have studied the system of hemocoagulation, endogenous anticoagulants and fibrinolysis in 136 patients with severe burns; in 69 patients, the burn disease was complicated by pneumonia and in 67 patients, it was not observed. Based on the totality of the laboratory tests results, it has been shown that pneumonia progress in the acute period of the burn disease was accompanied by high procoagulant activity, reduced levels of endogenous anticoagulants, fibrinolysis depression and moderate thrombocytopenia, severe hepatorenal failure indicating progress of the disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC). Progress of acute DIC syndrome from 2 to 6 days after a burn can be not only an indirect evidence of pneumonia, but also can precede its clinical picture.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(5):41-50
41-50
TERMAL IMAGING ASSESSMENT OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
Abstract
According to the literary sources, the thermal imaging role was assessed along with the general clinical examination methods for early diagnostics and adequate choice of medicinal therapy in patients with ischemic heart disease.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(5):51-57
51-57
DISCUSSION OF FACTORS DETERMINING LYMPH FLOW IN RAT’S THORACIC DUCT
Abstract
Smooth muscle tissue (SMT) incorporated in the wall of the lymphatic vessel is significant for the lymph flow processes. Myocytes quantity and their clusters design vary throughout the rat’s thoracic duct. Probably extravascular factors of the lymph flow impact the thoracic duct SMT functioning. The aim of the project was studying of the lymphangions smooth muscle component in different parts of the rat’s thoracic duct. Total specimens analysis, traditional histological methods, morphometry were used. The comparative analysis of the thoracic duct smooth muscle organization has revealed local specific features of the smooth muscle cells distribution.
Ekologiya cheloveka (Human Ecology). 2012;19(5):58-60
58-60