Vol 23, No 10 (2016)

Examination and evaluation of physical and chemical parameters of nickel oxide powder (Nickel (II) oxide, product number 637130) have shown that the substance of the complex physical and chemical properties, such as size, shape and surface area of the particles relates to nanotechnology products. According to the analysis of the annotated scientific literature sources it has been found out that nickel oxide nanoparticles were able to interact with cell membranes, proteins, DNA, and affect on the proteomic and metabolomic profile, accumulate in cells, tissues and organs, have a cytotoxic effect, possess transforming activity and carcinogenic effect. The analysis of the potential environmental impacts of nickel oxide nanoparticles has shown that it can be attributed to large-capacity industrial products, and therefore there was a possibility of exposure of personnel in the workplace. Estimation of the potential dangers of nano-sized nickel oxide using the method of mathematical modeling has showen that the nano-sized nickel oxide had a high degree of potential danger. Confirmation of this is the calculated coefficient of danger (D) of the substance amounted to 1,825 with reliable degree of assessment of the available information. Obtained results are required for subsequent detailed assessment of the toxicity of nano-sized nickel oxide and ensure public safety.

The character of the electroencephalogram (EEG) changes during a once procedure of heart rate variability biofeedback was considered in adolescents 14-17 years with different autonomic nervous types living in the different geographical latitudes and climatic, ecological conditions of the European North: the Subpolar (64°30' N) and Polar (67°40' N) areas. More intensive reduction of theta EEG activity (p < 0,05-0,001) with a predominance of the dynamics in the right brain hemisphere (p < 0,05), which continues to decline after the procedure occurs in adolescents of Polar region, especially in the group with a predominance of sympathetic influences on the heart activity. A common increasing of EEG alpha activity over all areas of the cerebral cortex (p < 0,05-0,001) with some displacement gradient in the front and center brain parts revealed in adolescents from all groups. A spectral power increment of beta1 EEG activity occur primarily at the expense of the front and right center-temporal brain parts (p < 0,05-0,001) in adolescents of both areas, but the biggest changes were found in persons with a balanced (normal) autonomic nervous tone (p < 0,05).

The main approaches of psychophysiological investigations of horme regulation and their development from studying the connection of cognitive processes with the prevailing rhythms of the brain electric activity and the neurovegetative system manifestations to revealing the phase changes in the brain activity foci have been analyzed in the literature review. The data on the sex differences of psychophysiological activity provision have been summarized and the possibilities of its improvement through various methods of biological feedback have been shown. Special attention has been paid to the fact that while studying horme in the majority of cases its organization is estimated by the efficiency parameter, while at present regulation is regarded as the manifestation and the dynamics of various physiological processes. In this connection, it has been suggested: while studying the horme regulation consider it as a content independent, different in complexity and heterogeneity, prolonged system-information process of human activity organization. This process is supposed to reflect a certain condition, have its own individual characteristics and properties provided by neurophysiological mechanisms, the initial level of energy resources and connected with individual features of information management and energy expenditure. On the basis of the data on trainability and on using the biological feedback a conclusion has been drawn that the combined estimation of the efficiency of activity regulation in the conditions of absence or presence of an external feedback makes it possible to adequately estimate the adaptive abilities as well as to control, to predict and if necessary to correct the functional condition of the human body.

The paper shows the study results of a brain electrobiological activity in elderly women with various level of cognitive impairment. Importance of early diagnostic of cognitive disorders and applicability of methods of functional brain imaging in revealing disorders in higher cortical functions are shown in the paper. To assess cognitive functions we applied express-method of evaluating of cognitive functions during normal aging. According to the test results three groups were formed: 1 - women without cognitive disorders, 2 -with mild cognitive impairment, and 3 - with moderate cognitive impairment. The EEG was registered for all participants by means of 128-channel system GES-300. Absolute spectral power for all bands was calculated. According to the spectral analysis it has been revealed that higher power of the slow-wave rhythms is characteristic of groups with disorders of cognitive functions. Prevalence of a delta rhythm in the general EEG has been also stated. These changes are perhaps caused by dysfunction of the activating cholinergic systems and cortical structures, and also both dyscirculatory and structural changes of brain matter.