Vol 23, No 4 (2016)

The paper presents the results of estimation of distribution ecology-dependent diseases in bioclimatic zones of the territory of Primorsky Krai among children and adolescents. Conducted to assess the prevalence of major classes ecology-dependent diseases through self-referral: diseases of the respiratory organs, diseases of the digestive system, diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, diseases of the cardiovascular system, diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, diseases of the genitourinary system, neoplasms, congenital anomalies, infectious diseases. Used formal statistical reports N 12 (ICD-10). By regression analysis of SPSS the connection between environmental factors and the level of distribution ecology-dependent diseases, the calculated values of factor loadings affecting the indexes of morbidity in children and adolescents. The study showed that environmental and hygienic factors are the specific features of the health effects of the population in varying degrees in children and adolescents depending on bioclimatic zones and ecological-hygienic situation. The level of ecology-dependent morbidity is determined by the complex influence of ecological-hygienic factors, with a predominance of the man-made component and related parameters of the environment, such as chemical pollution of urban areas (soil, air, water). Installed a different degree of response of children and adolescents through the incidence of the impact of environmental and hygienic environmental factors that must be considered when designing and conducting medical and prophylactic activities.

The article deals with the problems of designing special clothing for the workers of the oil producing industry, solving the problem of maintaining thermal homeostasis person using multi-layer heat-shielding stackup materials. We processed array of experimental data on the properties of advanced materials designed to protect against high and low temperatures (with the defined climatic conditions and the dynamics of movement works), as the example of special clothing for the workers of the oil producing industry of the southern region of Russia. The article tells about posed and solved problem of optimal choice of package materials for comfortable working conditions in the test clothing. The criterion for the quality of insulation is special clothing. Equations connection optimization problem obtained by regression analysis of the relationship between the structural and thermal parameters set heatproof materials multilayered clothes: such as insulation, surface density, permeability, thickness of the coating material that is acceptable for the package materials and ambient temperature. We got the equation for quadratic regression insulation. On the basis of an offer regressive model, the optimal are certain the methods of the quadratic programming: thickness of package, thickness of the coating color and air permeability of the package of materials the heat-insulation of clothing has maximal comfort. It allows to set the maximum acceptable for the given conditions of the construction of special clothing, as well as to adapt the process of picking a package of materials for special clothing with the necessary insulation for comfortable working conditions.

The purpose of the study - the study of the relationship of verbal and nonverbal intelligence with the physiological parameters of decision-making at the school in the age range 11-18 years. To study the structure of intelligence intelligent use group test (HIT) and the test structure of intelligence R. Amthauera. Assessment of individual results in these methods is carried out using an empirically selected age norm in points. An objective assessment of decision-making in a variety of environmental conditions carried out using a computer complex for psychophysiological research KPFK - 99 "Psihomat." The study was conducted in the modes of "Free Choice", "Probabilistic choice", "Controlled Choice". The modality of stimulus in all three modes - light. The results were subjected to statistical analysis by means of statistical analysis software package SPSS. To study the structure of the relationship of verbal and nonverbal intelligence and decision-making strategies in the age aspect in each age group was conducted correlation analysis with a preliminary estimate of the distribution features of normality, calculated the Pearson linear correlation coefficient (Pearson Correlation). Correlation models are based on matrices, analyzed the number of relationships, taking into consideration only the average (0,3 < r < 0,7) and strong (r > 0,7) bond. The results of correlation analysis revealed the existence of statistically significant relationships physiological parameters and decision-making structure of the intellect. These relationships are found in a free, probabilistic and deterministic environments. The study of the number and structure of the relationships among pupils aged 11-18 revealed that the correlation models are age and gender characteristics. Identify the structure of intelligence relationships with psychophysiological indicators allows further study of psychophysiological mechanisms of decision-making in different age categories.

The results of influence of "third age" education on subjective evaluation and objective indices of health are presented. Three groups of respondents took part in the research. Non-working pensioners (n = 23) constitute the first group. The second group includes 19 non-working pensioners who attended courses of computer literacy. The third group constitutes non-working pensioners (n = 21), students of special educational program "Applied psychology". Average age of participants - 62,7 ± 4,4 years for women and 65,9 ± 5,2 years for men. Women-men ration was 70 % to 30 % respectively. Comparative analysis of health index in groups reveals statistically significant differences. Those who do not work and do not participate in educational programs consider that their health needs permanent control and care. Those who study mentioned some diseases that do not restrict their activity and mobility. Objective information about health was obtained by means of "Varicard 2.8" - the instrument for analysis of cardiac rate variability. The results reveal significant differences between groups in estimations of their state of health: non-working pensioners who do not participate in educational programs rate their health from bad to worse while objective examination does not confirm such evaluations; nonworking pensioners who participate in different kinds of educational activity consider themselves more healthy than the results of medical objective examinations have revealed. Upon the whole, our research has revealed that educational activity results favourably on subjective representations of seniors about their health and on objective medical indices as well.

The article presents the main methodological principles of planning, implementation and statistical analysis of data from cohort studies. Types of cohort studies, their main advantages and disadvantages, and practical examples of cohort studies in medicine and public health are also presented. We also present the main measures used in cohort studies, namely, the incidence, cumulative incidence, incidence density, absolute risk, relative risk, attributable risk and attributable risk fraction in a given cohort and in a population, incidence rate ratio and incidence rate difference. Examples of cohort studies in literature, including examples from Arkhangelsk region are presented and discussed. The methods of sample size calculation using "EpiInfoTM" software and calculation of the measures of association in cohort studies are also shown using examples from real studies. This is an introductory article about the main methodological principles of cohort study design in health sciences and it does not substitute specialized literature in clinical epidemiology.