Vol 19, No 9 (2012)

In the traditional approach to the problems of Human Ecology or Anthropoecology, there are studied various impacts of human activity on the natural environment. The rapidly changing conditions of labor and household activities require increased attention to human interactions with the natural-production environment. Changes in the continuum of working people - the natural-production environment -result in strain of the body functional systems, adaptation diseases, growth of temporary and permanent disability and lower quality of the production process. In connection with this, the study of medico-physiological and social aspects of Anthropoecology becomes a priority scientific-methodological problem of industrial health.

In the article, there have been considered the principal directions of lowering of anthropogenic loading on natural environment of the Northern oil-gas-extractive region: ecological methods of oil decomposition, microbiological transformation of metals and formation of an ecological infrastructure of northern towns.

The results of the cardiorespiratory system characteristics research and their changes during seasonal acclimatization have been represented in the article. It has been shown that seasonal fluctuations in the circumpolar region induce intrastructural changes. The optimal organization of the cardiorespiratory system, which is characterized by the leading role of the central hemodynamics, is typical for the autumn season. During the winter/spring season, which is the period of tension of the body adaptive mechanism, the increasing role of the vegetative nervous system in the control of the cardiac rhythm and the functional systems on the whole was observed. Besides, the winter season is characterized by the increasing impact of the respiratory block, while the influence of the hemodynamic block increased during the spring season. The summer season was mostly featured by the negative changes in the cerebral blood flow.

We studied the dynamics of stroke mortality in Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Murmansk regions, its association with alcoholization. Using ARIMA method for the period 1975-2007 positive associations between alcohol poisoning mortality and mortality from stroke have been found. Perhaps the death rate from stroke has different alcohol attributiveness in male and female population.

Relevance. Of particular concern and anxiety among clinicians is incipience of the current unfavorable trend "rejuvenation" of the coronary heart disease (CHD). It is known that in patients under 40, incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is about 7 % of all cases reported under the age of 65 years. Younger patients are the most active members of the society. In this regard, the study of etiologic aspects, and the search for new pathogenetic mechanisms of acute myocardial infarction is an important task, which defined the purpose of our cohort study. Objective. The aim of our study was to study acute myocardial infarction etiological aspects in patients under 45. Materials and methods. In the period from 1999 till 2008, 221 patients were treated in the Emergency Care Unit with diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction under 45, what represented 8.3 % of all treated patients with AMI. 132 patients with acute myocardial infarction, residents of Arkhangelsk, were examined. We carried out a retrospective analysis of medical records to assess epidemiological components. Results. The analysis has revealed AMI in the patients under 45 years in 8.3 % of cases. Among risk factors of coronary artery disease, we observed: lipid metabolism impairments in 100 % of cases, smoking occurred in 75 % of cases. Hypertension as a risk factor was observed in 68 % of patients. The fact of physical inactivity was reported in 56 % of patients. 55 % of patients were overweight or suffered from obesity. 42 % of the observed patients had coronary artery disease in their family history. According to CAG, 98.8 % of the patients had significant coronary lesions, while 65% of patients had a multivessel disease. A statistically significant relationship F = 10.339, (ρ = 0.002) between genetic predisposition and AMI in the young patients has been revealed. This fact motivated us to conduct molecular-genetic testing of blood. As a result, we identified violent pathological polymorphisms in the hemostatic system in relation to atherosclerosis. This fact induces for further researches in this direction.