Vol 20, No 12 (2013)

A combination of biologically negative disturbances of cosmogeophysical factors with typical high-latitude meteorological, climatic and photoperiodic changes, pollution and inefficient social conditions is a basis for formation and preservation of human health in the North. Priority of the high-latitude geophysical factor's influence on the population stress level has been considered in comparison with environmental and social ecological conditions; a diagram of the sequence development stage of stress caused by ecology under influence of the cosmogeophysical disturbances has been presented; one of the important mechanisms synchronizing internal life-supporting, biorhythmological, physiological, metabolic and other processes with external cosmogeophysical rhythms has been described.

Importance of parasitic diseases for public health appears from their diverse and profound effects on human bodies. Being a common human disease and frequent pathology, parasitoses burden course of many somatic and infectious diseases and cause reduction of labor activity and long-term disability. In the article, there have been presented the most common parasitoses in the Nenets Autonomous Area among Nenets patients and persons of other ethnic origin living in the Area, the City of Naryan-Mar and settlement Iskateli.

Hygienic studies conducted to establish and evaluate harmful effects of environmental factors in the affected area of the Solombalsky Pulp and Paper Mill (the Northern District of Arkhangelsk) on health of the Arkhangelsk population have detected specific chemicals that could cause changes in human health. In assessment of the risk of harmful effects due to chronic exposure to chemicals, there have been considered two types of effects: carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic. The main component in determination of carcinogenic risk for the population is chromium (VI). The largest contribution to the index of risk of respiratory diseases in acute exposure was introduced by sodium sulfate (to 47 %), of systemic disorders — power plants’ oil ash (up to 35 %). The resulting indices of risk of chronic inhalation exposure did not exceed the allowable values. According to the results of the epidemiological analysis of the morbidity level among the pediatric population of the Northern District of Arkhangelsk, the risk of diseases of the nervous system was 3.74 times higher, of digestive diseases - 1.31 times higher and the endocrine system - 2.35 times higher than in the group of the children living in relatively safe areas (the urban district Varavino - Factoria).

In order to detect the metabolic syndrome risk factors in employees of an oil production enterprise causing development of the coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, Diabetes type 2 and increased risk of developing cardiovascular complications, there has been undertaken a comparative cross-sectional screening study. All the workers (n = 200) were examined by a cardiologist, body mass index, blood pressure, blood lipids and blood aromatics were assessed. There has been established significant incidence of arterial hypertension (31.4 %), dyslipidemia (61.0 %) and overweight (68.0 %) in the employees working in conditions of exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons. There have been defined relationships of aromatic hydrocarbons with dyslipidemia (р < 0.05). The results of the cardiovascular risk assessment have shown, that it was necessary to consider impact of aromatic hydrocarbons on development of the metabolic syndrome in the workers as a predictor of cardiovascular pathology.

In the article, use of standardized scales for predicting violence in forensic settings and their role in improving efficiency of compulsory treatment have been discussed.