Vol 25, No 9 (2018)

This review reflects some aspects related to synergistic effect of aluminum and fluorine on a human body. The fluorine and aluminum - highly-reactive elements are widely used in nature and belong to the 2nd and 3d class of hazard. Both elements are actively used by people in different spheres of economic activity. At present, a lot of researches have been devoted to the influence of aluminum and fluorine on a human body. However, often the studies did not take into account the synergetic effect of these elements, so the detected effects could be mistakenly assigned to one of them. Often, such a joint impact of aluminum and fluoride on the organism has a synergistic character. The antagonism between fluorine and aluminum is essential in the toxicokinetics and the substances' distribution in the organism. Whereby, the mutual influence of the elements is not definite and depends on many factors. One of the mechanisms of synergetic action of aluminum and fluorine can be caused by the formation of fluorine-aluminum compounds that function in the body in a manner similar to phosphate groups. The complexity and ambiguity of the joint effect of aluminum and fluorine on a human body, as well as the interaction of both elements, necessitate further study of this issue.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the long-term consequences of the influence of unfavorable facts and situations in the preschool period on the success of the child's adaptation to school. The aim of the work was to study the relationship between the indicators of the preschool development period and the characteristics of the cognitive, emotional, behavioral components of the first-formers school adaptation. Methods. To identify the developmental features before the school and the characteristics of school adaptation 193 first-formers in Arkhangelsk were examined. Results. It is shown that as the child grows, the interrelation between the developmental features of the child and the components of school adaptation increases: if the indicators of the infant period are associated with the emotional component and the characteristics of the early childhood period (1-3 years) are associated with the emotional and behavioral characteristics, the characteristics of the pre-school development period (3-7 years) have high correlation with the cognitive, emotional and behavioral components of school adaptation. Conclusions. The findings suggest that the developmental features of a child aged 3 to 7 years, more than other previous stages of ontogeny, affect the ability of a first-year student to adapt to systematic learning activity. The construction of regression models revealed the key interrelationships between the investigated indicators of the child's preschool development and the components of school adaptation. The authors emphasize that the analysis of the child's developmental features before school makes it possible to get an idea of presence of dysontogenesis risk factors and to determine the focus in the corrective-developing work taking into account individual characteristics.

The problem of studying the effects of climatic-ecological factors of territories to the formation of specific conditions of the human environment and human health in general is very relevant. The study of influence of such factors on the functional state of the body, it is expedient to study within the framework of the new theory of chaos-self-organization (there are a number of fundamental differences from the tacit stochastic approach). In this regard, we set the aim: consider and forecast in individual and groups the characteristics of the state of the neuromuscular system of a person living in the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra from the standpoint of chaotic dynamics of electromyograms parameters. New methods of data visualization were used (obtaining phase portraits EMG in coordinates x(t) - muscle biopotentials, and x2 = dx/dt - the rate of their change) recorded using an electromyograph, a time scan of the signal was constructed, which was converted by sampling the signal into some numerical series and for them the parameters of quasi-tractors were calculated. Results. In the work, multiple measurements of the parameters of the bioelectrical activity of the muscle were analyzed from the position of the Eskova-Zinchenko effect, i. e. with repeated (identical) experiments before and after a local cold exposure in a group of girls. Analysis of the obtained time series showed that the signal is always unique for each recording interval for each subject. Cooling of the limb leads to an increase in the size of quasi-tractors, which is difficult to document in the framework of statistics (there is a continuous statistical change in electromyograms). Conclusions. The practical possibility of applying the method of multidimensional phase spaces (calculation of quasi-tractors parameters) for identifying real changes in the parameters of the human neuromuscular system in conditions of cold stress is proved. Calculation of the parameters of quasi-tractors is necessary as a quantitative measure of the reaction of the organism to external influences.

The aim of the article is the conceptual and methodological substantiation of epigenetic dysfunctions of mental immunity in the development of bipolar diathesis, represented by pre-nosological states and syndromes of mental immune proficiency (SMIP) and deficiency (SMID). In the onset of bipolar disorder (BD), these syndromes evolve into the manic phase (MPh) and/or depressive phase (DPh) of the disease. The allocated syndromes transgenerationally accumulate epigenetic labels of future possible BD and other mental diseases. Their pre-nosological functional diagnostics allows for screening and early prevention of mental disorders. These syndromes are the initial dysfunctional link in the development of the mental epidemiological cascade: mental epidemics - destructive mental epidemics - the pandemic of mental immune deficiency. Pandemic of mental immune deficiency is manifested by an increase in the prevalence of all mental and psychosomatic disorders, requiring a shift in the focus of preventive-corrective efforts to early pre-nosological fractals of the disease development. The clinical model of BD shows the pathoplastics and pathokinetics of mental immunity dysfunctions in the development of the disease. Mental immunity as an identity matrix predetermines the lateral mental constitution of the personality and the resources of its mental resilience. It is suggested to consider the clinic of mixed forms of BD as a manifestation of the ambidextral mental constitution. In the development of the BD, three pre-nosological fractals are distinguished: 1) predisposition - a bipolar family; 2) latent - bipolar diathesis (SMIP/SMID); 3) initial - the onset of the BD; and three nosological: 4) the full-scale clinical picture of BD (MPh and/or DPh); 5) chronization - the types and forms of the course; 6) outcome - somatopsychic and socio-moral complications.