Vol 25, No 4 (2018)

Aim: to study the concentration of Fe and Mn in the hair of women living in the cities of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Region (KHMAO) with different treatment of drinking water. Methods. The ultimate composition of hair of 106 women (average age 38,9+11,3 g) - residents of the Northern region, not employed in the manufacturing sector was studied. 50 of them lived in the cities of Nefteyugansk and Nyagan and 56 - in the cities of Surgut and Khanty-Mansiysk. In the cities of Surgut and Khanty-Mansiysk underground water undergoes non chemical treatment, iron removal by the method of deep aeration and decontamination on UV irradiation installations. In the cities of Nefteyugansk and Nyagan water from artesian wells is decontaminated only by baclor. Results. The women living in the cities of Nefteyugansk and Nyagan had significantly higher (p < 0,001) and higher than reference values of Fe (82,3 + 11,4 mkg/g - the norm 7-40) and Mn (11,3 + 1,9 mkg/g - the norm 0,15-2,0) concentrations in the hair compared to women living in cities with high-quality purification of drinking water: Fe (23,6 + 2,2 mkg/g) и Mn (3,1 + 0,2 mkg/g). Iron, getting in to the organism with other pollutants (dietary Fe excess is not negative) also shows the properties of the immunosuppressant. Manganese is considered to be vital and at the same time a toxic element with mutagenic activity and tendency for accumulation. We can assume the best resistance to the adverse effects of oxidative stress in women-residents of KHMAO cities with optimal treatment of drinking water. Conclusions: To correct the microelement status of the Northern region population it is necessary to carry out more research of the environmental objects (in particular water) on the content of heavy metals, pay special attention to quality control of drinking water, and to use the method of microelement status determination of the hair chemical composition as an additional method of assessment of the internal body environment.

Аim. Main goal is the study of the microscopic fungi composition in the air of Arctic stations located along the Northern Sea Route. Methods. The study of aeromycota was carried out at 30 Arctic polar stations. The state of the Arctic territories was assessed in accordance with the methodology approved by the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation. Air sampling in living and working zones was carried out with a PU-1B aspirator. Microorganisms were precipitated from air (volume of 250-1 000 l) on agar medium. The identification of micromycetes was carried out on the basis of cultural and morphological features as well as using molecular methods. The isolates of the dominant species were tested for their ability to grow at a temperature of 37 °C (potential virulence). Results. In total, 40 species of micromycetes were found in the air environment of the Arctic stations. Most of them belonged to anamorphic fungi of ascomycete affinity. A significant part of the identified fungi (65%) are the human pathogens (group IV pathogenicity in SP 1.3.2322-08). The highest diversity of fungi (20 species) was noted in the aeromycota of Tiksi. The number of microscopic fungi in the air of all the investigated Arctic stations was moderate and varied from several colony forming units (CFU) to 254 CFU per 1 m3 of air. The largest number of micromycetes in the air of living spaces (more than 200 CFU per 1 m3 of air) was recorded on the islands of Vize and Troynoy (the archipelago of Izvestia CIK). The minimum number of micromycetes was in the air of small (both island and continental) polar stations, regardless of their location. Conclusion. The composition of the aeromycota of Arctic polar stations was characterized by the dominance of fungi associated with anthropogenic habitats. The obtained data indicate the need to control the number of potential human pathogens and allergenic fungi found in the areas of Arctic settlements.

In the conditions of Russian North recreation activity is usually carried out by means of latitudinal displacement from North to South and realization of health-related activity. Herein a regular question about of their effectiveness arises. Tradition statistic methods of parameter evaluation of the cardiovascular system (CVS) homeostasis of a person, in this case, show poor efficiency; often they do not show differences between the organism's state before and after the treatment. The aim of the research was to study the effect of latitudinal movements on the process of functional systems changes of children's organisms. Information on the indices state of cardiovascular system of schoolchildren was acquired by the method of pulseintervalography on the basis of the pulse oximeter "EL0KS-01". The CVS parameters of schoolchildren were analyzed in the process of latitudinal displacement (from north to south of the Russian Federation and vice versa). The result of the study showed that a two weeks' vacation in the south reduced the quasi-attractors' size of the vector state of children's organisms in the six-dimensional phase space of states (m = 6) and partially normalized the indices of their cardiorespiratory system. The volume of quasi-attractors (m = 6) after returning to Surgut decreased 2,3 times in boys and 4,7 times in girls in comparison with the state before leaving to the south. However, the reaction in girls was more expressed and persistent than in boys, who showed a partial return to their original state (before departure) after their return from the south. In fact, girls show an exponential decrease of quasi-attractors volumes, and boys - a parabolic type depending on VG from the type of stay (registration). Similar dynamics was observed in age-related changes of quasi-attractors volumes of cardiointervals of Khanty women (decrease in volumes with age) and newcomers (they had a parabola for quasi-attractors of cardiointervals). Conclusion: calculation of the parameters of CVS quasi-attractors shows a significant difference in all diagnostic parameters from the results of statistical processing of primary data.

The aim was to define the quality peculiarities of the equilibrium function, the strategy of the body position maintenance and the sensory organization of postural control in women 55-64 years with the risk of geriatric syndrome of falls (GF) development. Methods. 88 women aged 55-64 years (mean age 60.2 ± 3.2 years) were examined. The first group, the study group (SG), included 44 women who reported that experienced two or more falls in the last 8 months, which should be considered as having a risk of GF developing. The second group, the comparison group, randomly included 44 women of the same age who had not experienced a single fall in the last 12 months (postural stability). To assess the components of postural control, the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) of the computer dynamic posturographic complex «Smart Equitest Balance Manager» was conducted. Results. When analyzing SOT parameters, it was found that women in the SG had a quality decrease of the equilibrium function and the strategy of maintaining the body position in all functional tests, as well as their final grade of the entire test, the participation degree of somatosensorial, visual and vestibular information in the balance monitoring. The most important changes in the SOT parameters that affect the majority of the surveyed women in the SG are reflected in a significant decrease in the quality of the equilibrium function in functional tests 3, 5, 6, and in the final grade of the quality of the equilibrium function in SOT, as well as in the degree of involvement of vestibular information in the balance monitoring, what allows to consider these changes as primary predictors of the development of GF in women aged 55-64 years. Conclusion. The significant decrease of the SOT indicators in women aged 55-64 years with the risk of development of GF was detected. It allows to calculate the regulatory parameters of SOT in order to improve the quality of diagnosis of postural changes and the risk of falls.

Excessive intake of nutrient materials combined with low physical activity in modern conditions has led to a high prevalence of obesity among the population. One of the conditions for obesity treatment and prevention is the use of diets based on different diagnostic methods, the effectiveness of some of which remains understudied. The aim of this study is efficacy evaluation of personified diets in obesity treatment and prevention on the basis of indirect respiratory calorimetry. Methods. The analysis of indicator changes of bioimpedansometry (BIA) in 112 patients with obesity II and III degree during the three-month use of diet therapy based on anthropometric, anamnestic data and BIA results (group 1) as well as respiratory indirect calorimetry (group 2 experienced) was carried out. To conduct the BIA the device ABC-01 MEDASS (Russia), indirect calorimetry - CCM Express (Medical Graphics, USA) was used. Data collection was performed in Microsoft Excel 2011, statistical data processing - using the computer program Statistica 13.1. Results. Analysis of changes of BIA data among patients of the experimental group revealed statistically significant (p = 0.048) differences of average values of parameters obtained before and after therapy. Thus, the reduction in fat mass made up 14.2 %, BMI - 9.7 %, and the specific change grew to 3.3 %, which is almost twice the rate of the relevant indicators among the patients in the control group. Conclusion. Appliance of the indirect calorimetry method in patients with obesity II and III degree allows to carry out more efficient diet therapy under the control of the objective results except for the subjective factor. The data obtained allows to judge more precisely about susceptibility of a concrete person to the appointed diet, which eventually gives the most adequate result in comparison to the standard practice of destination therapy.