Vol 21, No 5 (2014)

Climatic conditions of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug have been characterized. Literature data about state of the functional systems of organisms in conditions of the North and influence of environmental climatic-ecological factors on human health have been analyzed. It has been established that health of persons who moved to the north differed from the norm very often. Northerners’ organisms function under influence of quite severe ecological factors affecting health state due to the fact that part of their reserves is used in processes of adaptation and directed at formation of adaptive reactions of homeostasis. Human body development in northern conditions specifies formation and development of any functional systems of organisms including the neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems.

The features of primary school-aged children’s development in different education conditions have been studied. The study was carried out in three groups of primary school pupils: 1) education with the main educational program without additional subprograms; 2) with inclusion of complex physical activity; 3) with inclusion of an ethno-cultural subprogram. Psychological examinations were carried out during the first and second years of the study. A diagnostic complex included studies of training motivation, speed of information processing, attention concentration, independence of the children in learning activities, identification of their psychological and emotional relationship to the school. In the dynamics of learning in all the groups, educational motivation remained at an average level, voluntary attention within the groups increased significantly by the middle of the second year (p1 < 0.001; p2 < 0.001; p3 = 0.003 respectively). The speed of information processing in the group of the children with intense motor loading (p = 0.014) exceeded significantly the speed in the group with the ethno-cultural subprogram. Differential organization of the educational process has shown no differences and promoted formation of the schoolchildren’s skills of performing learning activities. However, some children showed lower emotional relationship to the school.

Cancer cervix is the second most common cancer among women. Association between radiation and cancerogenesis is well-established. Semey (former Semipalatinsk) is a town adjacent to the Soviet Nuclear Test Site in Kazakstan. However, little is known about epidemiology of cancer in this region. The aim of our study was to study the incidence of and mortality from cervical cancer in Semey, Kazakhsan in 2008-2012. Data on all cases of cervical cancer that occurred in Semey region during the study period were obtained from the Semey Regional Cancer Registry. The population size was obtained from the Regional Bureau of Statistics. The Standard World Population was used for calculation of the age standardized mortality and incidence rates. Altogether, 365 primary cases of cervical cancer were registered during the study period. Incidence increased from 10.0 per 100 000 in 2008 to 13.2 per 100 000 in 2012. Mortality increased from 4.7 per 100 000 in 2008 to 7.2 per 100 000 in 2012. Both incidence of and mortality from cervical cancer in Semey, East Kazakhstan increased. Both indicators exceed the average for Eastern Kazakhstan region and the national level. This might be partly explained by either delayed effects of nuclear tests performed at Semipalatinsk test site or by other factors, however, the importance of other factors, such as HPV, smoking etc cannot be ruled out.

Currently around the world, environmental pollution remains a significant problem causing increased mortality rates and a factor of reduced life expectancy. Admittedly, influence of the environment that is pollution of atmosphere with air pollutants, results in preferential development of the respiratory system diseases. However, effects of different pollutants on human bodies are not limited only to bronchopulmonary changes. Recently, a number of studies were conducted and proved a relation between levels and types of atmospheric air pollution and diseases of the digestive and endocrine systems. Earnest data about harmful effects of air pollutants on the cardiovascular system was obtained in the recent decade. In the review, there has been analyzed information both about the relation between different cardiovascular diseases and the aeropollutants’ effects and their possible pathogenetic interrelations.