Vol 24, No 6 (2017)

All environmental factors influence on the human directly or indirectly. The biggest influence has the outdoor air, which is one of the major health risk factors associated with the environment. The proportion of 9-18 % of the total hazard index of inhalation exposure belongs to formaldehyde, which has a general toxic, sensibilizing and allergic effect. The frequency of allergic rhinitis and asthma in children living in the industrial cities of Eastern Siberia is 28-36 %. The purpose of the study was to assess the individual load of formaldehyde and detection its relationship with teenagers' organism sensitization. The study was carried out on the territory of two industrial cities with high and moderate levels of air pollution. The individual hazard indices of formaldehyde inhalation exposure were calculated for 373 adolescents. The formaldehyde concentration in urine was determined by HPLC method. The leukocyte migration inhibition test to formaldehyde has been studied. The levels of secretory immunoglobulin IgA, total IgE in serum were determined by ELISA technique. The number of eosinophils in nasal mucus was calculated. Individual hazard indices of formaldehyde inhalation exposure were exceeded in all patients. Elevation of formaldehyde concentration in the urine was found in every third adolescent. More than 30 % of the surveyed had a response to the formaldehyde in leukocyte migration inhibition test, which indicates the presence of sensitization to this chemical. About 20 % of students had a combined increase of total IgE levels in the blood and the number of eosinophils in the nasal mucus and more often these cases are marked in the group of adolescents with the lowest indices of formaldehyde exposure. Reduction of the secretory immunoglobulin A was found in the serum of adolescents with increased risk indices of formaldehyde inhalation exposure.

Galloping growth of addictive disorders in the modern world of mental epidemics requires the improvement of existing models of prevention and protection. The article systematizes the characteristics and classification of addictions. Substantial discrepancies between official statistics and epidemiological studies on prevalence of addictions are shown, reflecting the unrealized potential of mental preventology. The isolation of the acquired mental immunodeficiency syndrome (AMIDS) as a polymorphic identity disorder is justified. The phenomenology of AMIDS in propaedeutics of mental medicine (MM) is described. The task of the primary addictological prevention is to increase the level of mental immunity (MI) as a biopsychosociospiritual identity matrix and the basis for the security of the individual and society. Mental security (MS) is the safe interaction of individual and social conscience with the environment. The MS accumulates and focuses MI resources and mental resilience registries that are measured and forecasted, modeled and managed by various mental health services (MHS). MHS is a synergetic ψ-cluster of the state and society that provides the MS. The task of forecasting and warning of threats to MS is performed by systemic monitoring of mental health, which is the interface of public conscience and the MHS tool. Groups of indicators of MS as protection of individual and public conscience from external and internal threats, including the risk assessment of the destructiveness of biogenesis and sociogenesis, psychogenesis and animogenesis, as well as systemic dysfunctions of MI are singled out. Abnormalities of MI functions that make up the clinical phenomenology of AMIDS in the pathogenesis of addictive disorders are systematized. The possibilities of the MI technological platform in the system approach to the prevention of addictations are substantiated, and the principles of the structural and functional development of the MHS are singled out. MM becomes one of the pilot models of the new resource support of the Russian public health system in the current crisis reality.

In present time medical and demographic problems of indigenous peoples of Russia are becoming more important. Growth crisis, increasing of primary disease incidence are observed in such community. Comparative assessment health status and physical development of adolescent of Soyot and Buryat ethnic group. Thirty two adolescent of Soyot and sixty nine teenagers of Buryat ethnic group aged 13 to 17 years, living in Okinsky region of Buryat republic. Based on these data revealed that the proportion of healthy adolescents is higher among the Buryat ethnic group. The health status of adolescents is characterized by a high level of disease of the digestive system, musculoskeletal and endocrine systems. Analysis of physical development presented that in all groups of interest harmonic mean of physical development have diagnosed. However, among adolescents of Soyot group this index was higher than Buryat ones, whose proportion of adolescents with physical development is above average, disharmonious and sharply disharmonious were large enough. Formation of adolescent health of indigenous peoples is largely due to the environmental conditions of residence, ethnicity and degree of prevention work.

It is known that the monitoring of superoxide dismutase and catalase activity allows to assess the level of influence of environmental situation in particular chemical factors of ecosystem on public health. "Oxidative stress" is one of the mechanisms of environmental influence on human organism. Considering complex character of catalase and superoxide dismutase activity change interpretation of the obtained results can be difficult, thus it is more effective to use integrated indices in particular, antioxidant activity. The aim of the study was to develop approaches to assessing the severity of "oxidative stress" by determining the activity of antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant activity of human saliva and study variations of these parameters in norm. It is shown that activity of individual antioxidant enzymes varies even during the day, and therefore the interpretation of these values і s difficult. Antioxidant activity can be a most promising indicator for assessing the intensity of the "oxidative stress" of biological fluids, such as saliva. Method of determining of antioxidant activity saliva is picked up using 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol. Temporal and physiological characteristics are determined for the dynamics of saliva antioxidant activity in norm, the stability of this parameter is shown, taking into account age and gender characteristics.

An analysis of the gastric cancer incidence, mortality, five-year survival rate and the frequency of early revealing in the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period 2005-2014 was performed. As a result of the study, a statistically significant trend in declining incidence (from 18.9 to 16.4 per 100 000 population) and mortality from (from 15.0 to 11.8 per 100 000 population) was revealed. The frequency of early detection of gastric cancer (I-II stages) increased from 16.8 % to 34.2 %, but the five-year survival rate began to increase only in 2012. The incidence of gastric cancer decreased in 5 regions of Kazakhstan, mortality decreased in 9 regions, the increase in the frequency of early detection was observed in 8 regions of 16.